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Tianjin is also the name of an asteroid, see 2209 Tianjin: 天津 (Celestial ford) is also the name of an asterism in the Chinese constellation of Girl Mansion (女宿) (; Postal map spelling: Tientsin) is one of the four municipalities of the People's Republic of China. As a municipality, Tianjin has provincial-level status and comes directly under the central government. Tianjin's urban area is the third largest city in Mainland China. Tianjin's urban area is located along the Hai He River. Its ports, some distance away, are located on Bohai Gulf of the Pacific Ocean. Tianjin Municipality borders Hebei province to the north, south, and west; the municipality of Beijing in a small portion to the northwest; and Bohai Gulf to the east. History
Geography Tianjin is at the northern end of the Grand Canal of China, which connects with the Huang He and Yangtze rivers. Tianjin Municipality is generally flat, and swampy near the coast, but hilly in the far north, where the Yanshan Mountains pass through the tip of northern Tianjin. The highest point in Tianjin is Jiushanding Peak on the northern border with Hebei, at an altitude of 1078 m. The Hai He River forms within Tianjin Municipality at the confluence of the Ziya River, Daqing River, Yongding River, North Grand Canal, and South Grand Canal; and enters the Pacific Ocean at Tianjin Municipality as well, in Dagu District. Major reservoirs include the Beidagang Reservoir in the extreme south (in Dagang District) and the Yuqiao Reservoir in the extreme north (in Ji County). The urban area of Tianjin is found in the south-central part of the Municipality. In addition to the main urban area of Tianjin proper, the coast along the Bohai is lined with a series of port towns, including Tanggu and Hangu. Tianjin's climate is characterized by hot, humid summers, due to the monsoon, and dry, cold winters, due to the Siberian anticyclone. Spring is windy but dry, and most of the precipitation takes place in July and August. Tianjin also experiences occasional sandstorms which blow in from the Gobi Desert and may last for several days. Subdivisions
Economy The nominal GDP for Tianjin was 366.4 billion yuan (US$45.8 billion) in 2005, a year-on-year increase of 14.5%. * In 2004, per capita GDP was 31,600 yuan. The manufacturing sector was the largest (53.2%) and fastest-growing (19.8%) sector of Tianjin's economy. Urban disposable income per capita was 11,467 yuan, a real increase of 11.2% from the previous year. Rural pure income per capita was 6,525 yuan, a real increase of 11.3% from the previous year. * Farmland takes up about 40% of Tianjin Municipality's total area. Wheat, rice, and maize are the most important crops. Fishing is important along the coast. Tianjin is also an important industrial base. Major industries include petrochemical industries, textiles, car manufacturing, mechanical industries, and metalworking. Tianjin Municipality also has deposits of about 1 billion tonnes of petroleum, with Dagang District containing important oilfields. Salt production is also important, with Changlu Yanqu being one of China's most important salt production areas. Geothermal energy is another resource of Tianjin. Deposits of manganese and boron under Tianjin were the first to be found in China. Demographics
Media Tianjin People's Broadcasting Station is the major radio station serving the Tianjin area. Culture
Stereotypes People from Tianjin are stereotyped to be eloquent, humorous, open, and unfettered. There is a term for the stereotype of the always-eloquent and sometimes-humorous Tianjin native: wèizuǐzi (S: 卫嘴子 / T: 衛嘴子), which translates roughly as "the Tianjin mouth". This stereotype is perhaps partially the result of Ma Sanli's reputation (see "Culture" section above). Transportation
Rail There are several railway stations in the city, Tianjin Railway Station being the principal one. It was built in 1888, initially, the station was located at Wangdaozhuang (S: 旺道庄 / T: 旺道莊). The station was later moved to Laolongtou (S: 老龙头 / T: 老龍頭) on the banks of the Hai He River in 1892, so the station was renamed Laolongtou Railway Station. The station was rebuilt from scatch in 1988. The rebuilding work began on April 15, 1987 and was finished on October 1, 1988. The Tianjin Railway Station is also locally called the 'East Station', due to its geographical position. Tianjin West Railway Station and Tianjin North Railway Station are also major railway stations in Tianjin. There is also Tanggu Railway Station is located in the important port area of Tanggu District, and TEDA Railway Station located in TEDA, to the north of Tanggu. There are several other railway stations in the city. Construction on a Beijing-Tianjin high-speed rail began on July 4, 2005, and is scheduled to be completed in 2007. The following rail lines go through Tianjin: Roads and expressways Some spots in Tianjin, including roads and bridges, have names from Dr. Sun Yat-Sen's Three Principles of the People (for example, Minquan Gate on Zhonghuan Road). Names harkening back to the era of the Republic of China on the mainland also appear (e.g. Beiyang Road). Many roads in Tianjin are named after a Chinese province or city. Also, Tianjin is unlike Beijing, in that very few roads run parallel to the major four compass directions. Tianjin has three ring roads. Unlike Beijing, the Inner and Middle Ring Roads are not closed, traffic-controlled roadways and some often have traffic light intersections. The Outer Ring Road is the closest thing to a highway-level ring road, although traffic is often chaotic and sometimes more than chaotic. Tianjin's roads often finish in dao (道 avenue), xian (S: 线 / T: 線) line, more used for highways and through routes) and lu (路 road). Jie (街 street) is rare. As Tianjin's roads are rarely in a cardinal compass direction, jing (S: 经 / T: 經) roads and wei (S: 纬 / T: 緯) roads often appear, which attempt to run more directly north-south and east-west, respectively. The following seven expressways of China run in or through Tianjin: The following six China National Highways pass through Tianjin: The expressways are sometimes closed due to dense fog particularly in the Autumn and Spring. Air Tianjin Binhai International Airport (ZBTJ) is located to the east of the urban area, in Dongli District, Tianjin. Public transit The Tianjin bus network was created in 1904, and was the first city to have its own city-wide bus system in China. There were 402 bus lines in the city as of 2004. * Construction work on the Tianjin Metro started on July 4, 1970. It was the second metro to be built in China and commenced service in 1984. The total length of track is 7.4 kilometers. The metro service was suspended on October 9, 2001 and is currently being rebuilt. This new metro will be called "Tianjin Metro Line 1". It is scheduled to be finished in the later half of 2005. The track will be extended to 26.188 kilometers and there will be a total of 22 stations. Previously, there were 8 stations. Several new metro lines are planned. Construction work on Line 2 and Line 3 will begin in late 2004. There is also a light railway line in the city, the LRT Binhai Line. The line runs between downtown Tianjin and TEDA (Tianjin Economic Development Area) in the seaside region. The eastern part of the line began service on March 28, 2004. The western part of the line is scheduled to be completed in 2006. Tourism
Sports teams Sports teams based in Tianjin include: Chinese Football Association Super League Colleges and universities
High schools See also City partnerships Source: http://www.tjfao.gov.cn/guojiyoucheng/shijiyouhao/index.html Astronomical phenomena At , the previous total solar eclipse was solar eclipse of 1277-Oct-28 occurred on October 28 1277, the next total solar eclipse will be solar eclipse of 2187-Jul-06 occurred on July 6 2187. Total solar eclipses from 1001 to 3000 are: Annular solar eclipses from 1001 to 3000 are: Wikisource has an article about solar eclipses as seen from Tianjin from 2001 to 3000. | |||||||||||||||||||||
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