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489 - Odoacer attacks Theodoric at the Battle of Verona, and is defeated again.

1331 - the Battle of Plowce between the Kingdom of Poland and the Teutonic Order took place.

1540 - The Society of Jesus (the Jesuits) receives its charter from Pope Paul III.

1590 - Pope Urban VII dies 13 days after being chosen as the Pope, making his reign the shortest papacy in history.

1605 - The armies of Sweden are utterly defeated by the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth in the Battle of Kircholm.

1777 - Lancaster, Pennsylvania is the capital of the United States, for one day.

1787 - The United States Constitution is delivered to the states for ratification.

1821 - Mexico gains its independence from Spain.

1822 - Jean-François Champollion announces that he has deciphered the Rosetta stone.

1825 - The Stockton and Darlington Railway opens, and begins operation of the world's first service of locomotive-hauled passenger trains.

1854 - The steamship Arctic sinks with 300 people on board. This marks the first great disaster in the Atlantic Ocean.

1903 - Wreck of the Old 97, a train crash made famous by the song of the same name.

1922 - King Constantine I of Greece abdicates his throne in favor of his eldest son, King George II.

1928 - The Republic of China is recognized by the United States.

1930 - Bobby Jones wins the U.S. Amateur Championship to complete the Grand Slam of golf. The old structure of the grand slam was (The U. S. Open, The British Open, and The Amateur Championships.

1937 - Last Balinese Tiger killed.

1938 - Ocean liner Queen Elizabeth launched in Glasgow.

1940 - World War II: The Tripartite Pact is signed in Berlin by Germany, Japan and Italy.

1941 - The SS Patrick Henry is launched becoming the first of more than 2,700 Liberty ships.

1942 - Glenn Miller and his Orchestra perform for the last time before Miller enters the US Army.

1949 - The first Plenary Session of the National People's Congress approves the design of the Flag of the People's Republic of China.

1953 - TV Record, Brazilian TV Network, debuts.

1954 - The nationwide debut of Tonight! (The Tonight Show) hosted by Steve Allen on NBC.

1956 - USAF Captain Milburn Apt becomes the first man to exceed Mach 3 while flying the Bell X-2. Shortly thereafter, the craft goes out of control and Captain Apt is killed.

1959 - Nearly 5000 people die on the main Japanese island of Honshu as the result of a typhoon.

1964 - The Warren Commission releases its report, concluding that Lee Harvey Oswald, acting alone, assassinated President John F. Kennedy.

1968 - The stage musical Hair opened at the Shaftesbury Theatre in London, where it played 1,998 performances until its closure was forced by the roof's collapsing in July 1973.

1977 - The 300 metre tall CKVR-TV transmission tower in Barrie, Ontario, Canada is hit by a light aircraft in a fog, causing it to collapse. All aboard the aircraft are killed.

1979 - The United States Department of Education receives final approval from the U.S. Congress to become the 13th US Cabinet agency.

1980 - Marvin Hagler defeats Alan Minter to claim boxing's world Middleweight championship in London. They have to be escorted away by police after a riot forms.

1983 - Richard Stallman announces the GNU project to develop a free Unix-like operating system.

1985 - Hurricane Gloria hits Long Island, New York.

1988 - The National League for Democracy, led by Aung San Suu Kyi is founded.

1995 - The Government of the United States unveils the first of its redesigned bank notes with the $100 bill featuring a larger portrait of Benjamin Franklin slightly off-center.

1996 - In Afghanistan, the Taliban capture the capital city Kabul after driving out President Burhanuddin Rabbani and executing former leader Mohammad Najibullah.

1997 - Communications are suddenly lost with the Mars Pathfinder space probe.

1998 - Google is established.

1999 - The last professional baseball game is played at historic Tiger Stadium in Detroit, Michigan.

2002 - Timor-Leste (East Timor) joins the United Nations.

2003 - Smart 1 satellite is launched.

2006 - Platte Canyon High School shooting in Bailey, Colorado

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1275 - John II of Brabant (d. 1312)

1389 - Cosimo de Medici, ruler of Florence (d. 1464)

1601 - King Louis XIII of France (d. 1643)

1627 - Jacques Benigne Bossuet, French bishop (d. 1704)

1643 - Solomon Stoddard, American Puritan clergyman

1696 - Alphonsus Liguori, Italian founder of the Redemptionist order (d. 1787)

1719 - Abraham Gotthelf Kästner, German mathematician (d. 1800)

1722 - Samuel Adams, American revolutionary leader (d. 1803)

1729 - Michael Denis, Austrian poet (d. 1800)

1803 - Samuel Francis du Pont, American admiral (d. 1865)

1805 - George Müller, Prussian orphanage builder (d. 1898)

1818 - Adolph Wilhelm Hermann Kolbe, German chemist (d. 1884)

1821 - Henri Frederic Amiel, Swiss writer (d. 1881)

1824 - William "Bull" Nelson, American Civil War general (d. 1862)

1830 - William Babcock Hazen, American Civil War general (d. 1887)

1840 - Thomas Nast, German-born political cartoonist (d. 1902)

1842 - Alphonse Francois Renard, Belgian geologist (d. 1903)

1843 - Gaston Tarry, French mathematician (d. 1913)

1866 - Eurosia Fabris, Italian Catholic Blessed (d. 1932)

1871 - Grazia Deledda, Italian writer, Nobel laureate (d. 1936)

1879 - Hans Hahn, Austrian mathematician (d. 1934)

1879 - Cyril Scott, English composer (d. 1970)

1885 - Harry Blackstone, Sr., American magician (d. 1965)

1894 - Lothar von Richthofen German pilot (d. 1922)

1896 - Sam Ervin, American politician (d. 1985)

1898 - Vincent Youmans, American composer and producer (b. 1946)

1906 - William Empson, British poet (d. 1984)

1906 - Jim Thompson, American author (d. 1977)

1907 - Maurice Blanchot, French philosopher (d. 2003)

1907 - Bhagat Singh, Indian freedom fighter (d. 1931)

1913 - Albert Ellis, American psychologist

1917 - Louis Auchincloss, American novelist

1918 - Martin Ryle, English radio astronomer, Nobel laureate (d. 1984)

1919 - James H. Wilkinson, American mathematician (d. 1986)

1920 - William Conrad, American actor (d. 1994)

1920 - Jayne Meadows, American actress

1922 - Carl Ballantine, American actor

1922 - Arthur Penn, American director

1924 - Bernard Waber, American author

1924 - Fred Singer, American scientist

1924 - Bud Powell, American jazz pianist (d. 1966)

1927 - Romano Scarpa, Italian comic book artist

1927 - Steve Stavro, Canadian businessman (d. 2006)

1931 - Freddy Quinn, Austrian singer

1932 - Roger C. Carmel, American actor (d. 1986)

1932 - Michael Colvin, Canadian singer

1932 - Oliver E. Williamson, American economist

1933 - Will Sampson, American actor (d. 1987)

1933 - Greg Morris, American television and movie actor (d. 1996)

1934 - Wilford Brimley, American actor

1934 - Claude Jarman Jr., American actor

1934 - Dick Schaap, American sports reporter (d. 2001)

1936 - Don Cornelius, American television host

1936 - Gordon Honeycombe, British playwright

1939 - Kathy Whitworth, American golfer

1941 - Serge Ménard, Québécois politician

1942 - Dith Pran, Cambodian-born photojournalist

1942 - Alvin Stardust, English singer

1943 - Randy Bachman, Canadian musician

1945 - Jack Goldstein, Canadian-born artist (d. 2003)

1945 - Kay Ryan, American poet

1946 - Robin Nedwell, English comedy actor (d. 1999)

1947 - Barbara Dickson, Scottish singer

1947 - Meat Loaf, American singer

1947 - Liz Torres, American actress and singer

1948 - Michele Dotrice, English actor

1948 - A Martinez, American actor

1948 - Tom Braidwood, Canadian actor

1948 - John K. Reed, American coral biologist

1949 - Graham Richardson, Australian politician

1949 - Mike Schmidt, baseball player

1949 - Jahn Teigen, Norwegian singer

1951 - Jim Shooter, American comic book writer

1951 - Paul Craig, British law professor

1951 - Michel Rivard, Québécois singer and composer (Beau Dommage)

1952 - Dumitru Prunariu, Romanian cosmonaut

1952 - André Viger, French Canadian marathoner

1953 - Diane Julie Abbott, British politician

1953 - Mick Wagner, American monologist

1953 - Mata Amritanandamayi, Indian religious leader

1958 - Shaun Cassidy, American singer

1961 - Irvine Welsh, Scottish writer

1961 - Andy Lau, Hong Kong actor

1965 - Steve Kerr, Lebanese-born basketball player

1965 - Peter MacKay, Canadian political leader

1965 - Alexis Stewart, American radio personality

1965 - Bernard Lord, Canadian politician, premier of New Brunswick

1966 - Lorenzo Cherubini, Italian singer Jovanotti

1971 - Li Yapeng, Chinese actor

1971 - Amanda Detmer, American actress

1972 - Sylvia Crawley, American basketball player

1972 - Gwyneth Paltrow, American actress

1972 - Clara Hughes, Canadian cyclist

1976 - Francesco Totti, Italian footballer

1977 - Andrus Värnik, Estonian javelin thrower

1978 - Brad Arnold, American singer (3 Doors Down)

1978 - Jon Rauch, American baseball player

1981 - Lakshmipathy Balaji, Indian cricketer

1981 - Brendon McCullum, New Zealand cricketer

1982 - Lil Wayne, American rapper

1984 - Avril Lavigne, Canadian singer

1984 - Paul Bevan, Australian football player

1985 - Jamar Butler, American basketball player

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1249 - Count Raymond VII of Toulouse (b. 1197)

1304 - John de Warenne, 7th Earl of Surrey, English soldier

1404 - William of Wykeham, English bishop (b. 1320)

1557 - Emperor Go-Nara of Japan (b. 1497)

1590 - Pope Urban VII (b. 1521)

1615 - Arbella Stuart, English noblewoman (b. 1575)

1651 - Maximilian I, Elector of Bavaria (b. 1573)

1660 - Vincent de Paul, French saint (b. 1580)

1700 - Pope Innocent XII (b. 1615)

1719 - George Smalridge, English Bishop of Bristol (b. 1662)

1730 - Laurence Eusden, English poet (b. 1688)

1735 - Peter Artedi, Swedish naturalist (b. 1705)

1737 - John Sidney, 6th Earl of Leicester, English privy councillor (b. 1680)

1742 - Hugh Boulter, Irish Archbishop of Armagh (b. 1672)

1783 - Étienne Bézout, French mathematician (b. 1730)

1832 - Karl Christian Friedrich Krause, German philosopher (b. 1781)

1876 - Braxton Bragg, American Confederate general (b. 1817)

1891 - Ivan Goncharov, Russian author (b. 1812)

1911 - Auguste Michel-Lévy, French geologist (b. 1844)

1917 - Edgar Degas, French painter (b. 1834)

1921 - Engelbert Humperdinck, German composer (b. 1854)

1940 - Walter Benjamin, German philosopher (b. 1892)

1940 - Julius Wagner-Jauregg, Austrian neuroscientist, Nobel laureate (b. 1857)

1944 - Aimee Semple McPherson, American evangelist (b. 1890)

1956 - Gerald Finzi, English composer (b. 1901)

1956 - Babe Didrikson Zaharias, American athlete (b. 1911)

1960 - Sylvia Pankhurst, English suffragette (b. 1882)

1965 - Clara Bow, American actress (b. 1905)

1967 - Prince Felix Yussupov, Russian assassin of Rasputin (b. 1887)

1972 - S. R. Ranganathan, Indian mathematician (b. 1892)

1975 - Jack Lang, Australian politician (b. 1876)

1975 - Last executions in Francoist Spain: two ETA members in Barcelona and in Villalón, Burgos; three FRAP members in Madrid.

1979 - Dame Gracie Fields, British comedian (b. 1898)

1981 - Robert Montgomery, American actor (b. 1904)

1985 - Lloyd Nolan, American actor (b. 1902)

1986 - Cliff Burton, American musician (Metallica) (b. 1962)

1991 - Oona O'Neill, daughter of playwright Eugene O'Neill and 4th wife of Charlie Chaplin (b. 1926)

1993 - Jimmy Doolittle, American general (b. 1896)

1996 - Mohammad Najibullah, President of Afghanistan (b. 1947)

1997 - Walter Trampler, American violist (b. 1915)

1998 - Narita Bryan, Japanese racehorse (b. 1991)

1998 - Doak Walker, American footballer (b. 1927)

2003 - Donald O'Connor, American actor (b. 1925)

2005 - Ronald Golias, Brazilian comedian (b. 1929)

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RC Saints - Saint Vincent de Paul.

Ethiopian Orthodox Church - Meskel.

Also see September 27 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics).

Bahá'í Faith - Feast of Mashíyyat (Will) - First day of the eleventh month of the Bahá'í calendar.

Belgium - French Community Day.

See You at the Pole.

French Republican Calendar - Balsamine (Impatiens) Day, sixth day in the Month of Vendémiaire.

World Tourism Day.