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Polymorphism (biology), having multiple alleles of a gene within a population, usually expressing different phenotypes, which include Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs).

Polymorphism (computer science), a mechanism allowing a given function to have many different specifications, depending on the type(s) to which it is applied, or, more specifically, Polymorphism in object-oriented programming

Polymorphism (materials science), the ability of a solid material to exist in more than one form or crystal structure.

Polymorphism (plant science), the ability of a plant to produce both quiescent and dormant seeds.

Polymorphic code, self-modifying code designed to defeat antivirus programs.