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Provisional Government of National Unity (Polish: Tymczasowy Rząd Jedności Narodowej, TRJN) - was a government formed by the decree of State National Council (Krajowa Rada Narodowa) on 28 June 1945. It was created as a coalition government between Polish communists and Polish government-in-exile, as agreed by the Western Allies and the Soviet Union during the Yalta Conference. Polish government in exile didn't recognize the TRJN. Only a few members, like the former Prime Minister of Poland Stanisław Mikołajczyk decided to trust the Soviets and enter a negotiations with them. TRJN was a result of the negotiations, held in Moscow from 17th to 21st June, between Polish communists, Soviet Union and Mikołajczyk's faction. In fact the communists had little intention of giving any opposition any real power, or carrying out the 'free and fair' elections. The members of opposition that received any positions were kept in check by their deputies and staff, always loyal to the communists, so they had little real power. The TRJN was already bound by the Treaty of Friendship, Mutual Help and Cooperation signed by its predecessor, the Provisional Government of Republic of Poland, on 21 April. This treaty formed the basis for Soviet ingenerence in Poland's internal politics for the next 40 years. The government was composed of: Prime Minister: Edward Osóbka-Morawski (Polska Partia Socjalistyczna) Deputy Prome Minister, Minister of Regained Territories: Władysław Gomułka (Polska Partia Robotnicza) Deputy Prime Minister, Minister of Agriculture and Agricultural Reform: Stanisław Mikołajczyk (Polskie Stronnictwo Ludowe) The entire government was composed of: On 5 July 1945 The TRJN had been recognized by the USA. It was soon recognized by other Allies (France, United Kingdom). It was not recognized by Vatican. On 16 October 1945 delegates of the TRJN had signed United Nations Charter and became a member of the United Nations. The delegation from TRJN had attended the 1945 Potsdam Conference. In August it has signed a treaty with the Soviet Union, officially recognizing the eastern border on the slightly modified Curzon line. The promised 'free and fair' elections were postponed until communists were sure they could obtain majority. In the meantime, they increased repressions of opposition, trying to bribe, threaten, delegalise or even murder members of the opposition. In words of Gomułka, the goal of communists was to be the hegemon of the nation and nothing would stop them. They tested their control on 30 June 1946 during the 3xTAK referenda, which they managed to falsify enough to claim 68% of support. Two great reforms carried out by TRJN was the nationalization decree and 3 Year Plan 1947-1949, both created in 1946. Nationalization decree gave the government control over every enterprise which employed more then 50 people; by the end of the year 90% of industry was controlled by the communists. TRJN has been dissolved and passed its prerogatives as the government of Poland after the staged Polish legislative elections, 1947 on 19th January to the new government, headed by Józef Cyrankiewicz and nominated by the new parliament, Sejm Ustawodawczy (1947-1952), which replaced the KRN.
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