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Palaeospheniscus is an extinct genus of penguins which contains three species at present. They are all (except P. bergi, which is somewhat enigmatic) known from one or two handful of bones. All specimens were found in Santa Cruz and Chubut Provinces of Patagonia, Argentina. The fossils were recovered from the Patagonian Molasse Formation, in the Early Miocene. Palaeospheniscus gracilis was long believed to be from the Early Oligocene, but this is now thought to be erroneous. P. gracilis and P. wimani are often considered synonyms of P. patagonicus. Recent researchers also tend to merge the now obsolete Chubutodyptes into this genus as P. biloculatus.
The species of Palaeospheniscus were medium-sized to largish penguins, ranging from P. gracilis with an estimated maximal length of 55 cm to P. wimani, which reached up to 73 cm.
Palaeospheniscus is the namesake of the subfamily Palaeospheniscinae. It is apparently not closely related to the modern genus Spheniscus.
Palaeospheniscus
| | Name | Palaeospheniscus | | Status | fossil | | Fossil Range | Early Miocene | | Regnum | Animalia | | Phylum | Chordata | | Classis | Aves | | Ordo | Sphenisciformes | | Familia | Spheniscidae | | Subfamilia | Palaeospheniscinae† | | Genus | Palaeospheniscus | | Genus Authority | Francisco Moreno | | Subdivision Ranks | Species | | Subdivision | Species | | Synonyms | Paraspheniscus Florentino Ameghino |
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