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This is a list of orders of magnitude for data (or information), measured in bits. This article assumes a formal attitude towards terminology. That means two things:
A group of 8 bits in a computer is called an octet. A byte is the same for most practical purposes, but does not equal 8 bits on all computer architectures.
Accordingly, 8192 bits of data are a kibioctet and 8000 bits are a kilooctet.
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1 bit
3 bits – The size of an octal digit.
6 bits – Size of code points in the Braille code, a tactile writing system for the blind.
7 bits – Size of code points in the ASCII character set.
8 bits – An octet. Equivalent to a byte on many computer architectures.
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10 bits
minimum length to store a single group of 3 decimal digits.
minimum byte length to store a single octet with error-correcting memory.
minimum frame length to transmit a single octet with asynchronous serial protocols.
12 bits – Wordlength of the PDP-8 of Digital Equipment Corporation (built from 1965 -1990)
16 bits – The "word size" (instruction length) for the various "second generation" console systems, including: Super Nintendo, Sega Genesis
32 bits (4 octets) – Size of an integer capable of holding 4,294,967,296 different values.
56 bits (7 octets) – Cipher strength of the DES encryption standard.
64 bits (8 octets) – Size of an integer capable of holding 18,446,744,073,709,551,616 different values.
64 bits – Size of an IEEE 754 double-precision floating point number.
80 bits (10 octets) – Size of an extended precision floating point number, for intermediate calculations that can be performed in floating point units of most processors of the x86 family.
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10
160 bits – Maximum key length of the SHA-1, standard Tiger (hash), and Tiger2 cryptographic message digest algorithms.
256 bits (32 octets) – Minimum key length for the recommended strong cryptographic message digests in 2004.
512 bits (64 octets) – Maximum key length for the standard strong cryptographic message digests in 2004.
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1,024 bits (210 bits, 128 octets) – One kibibit.
4,096 bits (212 bits, 512 octets) – Typical sector size, and minimum space allocation unit on computer storage volumes, with most file systems.
4,704 bits (588 octets) – Uncompressed single-channel frame length in standard MPEG audio (75 frames per second and per channel), with medium quality 8-bit sampling at 44,100 Hz (or 16-bit sampling at 22,050 Hz).
8,192 bits (213 bits, 1,024 octets) – One kibioctet.
9,408 bits (1,176 octets) – Uncompressed single-channel frame length in standard MPEG audio (75 frames per second and per channel), with standard 16-bit sampling at 44,100 Hz.
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15,350 bits – one screen of data displayed on an 8-bit monochrome text console (80x24)
20 - 50 kbits – one page of typewritten text (uncompressed, depends on size of type and number of possible glyphs)
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100 kbits – approximate size of this article
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1,978,560 bits – A one-page, standard-resolution black-and-white fax (1728 × 1145 pixels).
4,147,200 bits – One frame of uncompressed NTSC DVD video (720 × 480 × 12 bpp Y'CbCr).
4,976,640 bits – One frame of uncompressed PAL DVD video (720 × 576 × 12 bpp Y'CbCr).
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11,520,000 bits – Capacity of a lower-resolution computer monitor (as of 2006), 800 × 600 pixels, 24 bpp.
11,796,480 bits – Capacity of a 3.5" floppy disk, colloquially known as 1.44 megabyte but actually 1.44 × 1000 × 1024 bytes.
25 Mbits – Amount of data in a typical color slide.
30,402,457 bits – Size of the largest known Mersenne prime. All of its bits are 1.
46,080,000 bits – Capacity of a high-resolution computer monitor (as of 2006), 1600 × 1200 pixels, 24 bpp.
50–100 megabits – Amount of information in a typical phone book.
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150 Mbits – Amount of data in a large foldout map.
423,360,000 bits: A 5-minute-length audio recording, in CDDA quality
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5.45 bits (650 mebioctets) – Capacity of a regular compact disc.
5.89 bits (702 mebioctets) – Capacity of a large regular compact disc.
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4.04 bits (4.7 gigaoctets) – capacity of a single-layer, single-sided DVD.
2.16 bits (2.7 gigabytes) – size of the English Wikipedia without images ().
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1.46 bits (17 gigaoctets) – Capacity of a double-sided, dual-layered DVD.
2.15 bits (25 gigaoctets) – Capacity of a single-sided, single-layered 12 cm Blu-ray disc
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1012 bits (125 gigaoctets) – Approximate size of all Wikimedia projects.
(approximately) 4.12 bits (515 gibioctets) – As of 2002, data of pi to the largest number of digits ever calculated (1.24 trillion).
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1.5 bits (18.75 teraoctets) – Amount of information in the Library of Congress, if it were all digitized.
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8,000,000,000,000,000 bits (1015 octets) – One petaoctet
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800,000,000,000,000,000 bits, Data's storage capacity
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exbibit
1.6 bits (200 petaoctets) – Total amount of printed material in the world.
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1.8 bits (2.25 zettaoctets) – amount of information which can be stored in 1 gram of DNA
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