|
1948 and United Nations partition According to the United Nations' 1947 UN Partition Plan, proposing a partition of the British Mandate of Palestine, the areas of the Gaza Strip and the West Bank were to become part of a new Arab state. However, the Arab members of the U.N. stated that the plan was unjust and contrary to the U.N. Charter, and that they would not abide by it, presaging the 1948 Arab-Israeli War. (See also Proposals for a Palestinian state.) The "All-Palestine Government" was recognised by Egypt, Syria, Lebanon, Iraq, Saudi Arabia, and Yemen, but not by Jordan or any other country in the world. However, it was little more than a facade under Egyptian control and had negligible influence or funding. Palestinians living in the Gaza Strip or Egypt were issued with All-Palestine passports until 1959, when Gamal Abdul Nasser, president of Egypt, annulled the All-Palestine government by decree. Egyptian control of the Gaza Strip was confirmed by the 1949 Armistice Agreements between Israel and Egypt, signed on February 24. The main points were: King Farouk, General Naguib, and President Nasser King Farouk of Egypt was overthrown in 1952 by the Free Officers Movement led by General Muhammad Naguib. Gamal Abdel Nasser launched a coup d'état in 1954 and became prime minister and then president of Egypt. A strong supporter of pan-Arabism, he advocated a union of all Arab countries including Palestine, and called for this union not only as an end in itself but as a means towards what he saw as freeing Arab Palestine by defeating the State of Israel. In accordance with this ideology, he eliminated the legal fiction of the "All-Palestine" government in Gaza, and created the United Arab Republic together with his ally Syria. 1956 Suez War aftermath
Six Day War On June 5, 1967, in an overheated political atmosphere, weeks after Egypt blockaded the Straits of Tiran and cut off Israeli shipping, Israel launched a preemptive attack against Egypt, beginning the Six Day War. It rapidly defeated the surrounding Arab states and took control of, among other areas, the Gaza Strip. International pressure mounted on Israel to withdraw from the territories. On November 22, 1967, the UN Security Council adopted U.N. Security Council Resolution 242, the "land for peace" formula, which called for Israeli withdrawal from territories it captured in 1967 in return for peace with its Arab neighbors. Egypt-Israel peace In 1978, Israel and Egypt signed the historic Camp David Accords (1978) which brought an official end to the strife between them. The second part of the accords was a framework for the establishment of an autonomous regime in the West Bank and the Gaza Strip. Egypt thus signaled an end to any ambitions to control the Gaza Strip itself; from then on, the Gaza Strip's status would be discussed as part of the more general issue of proposals for a Palestinian state. See also | ||||||||||||
|
| |||||||||||||
 |
|
| |