yawiki.org entry for November 3

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is the 307th day of the year (308th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 58 days remaining.

    November 3
        Events
        Births
        Deaths
        Holidays and observances

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Events

1493 - Christopher Columbus first sights the island of Dominica in the Caribbean Sea.

1783 - John Austin, a highwayman, is the last to be publicly hanged at London's Tyburn gallows.

1783 - The Continental Army is disbanded.

1793 - French playwright, journalist and feminist Olympe de Gouges is guillotined.

1812 - Napoleonic armies defeated at Vyazma

1817 - The Bank of Montreal, Canada's oldest chartered bank, opens in Montreal, Quebec.

1838 - The Times of India, the world's largest circulated English language daily broadsheet newspaper is founded as The Bombay Times and Journal of Commerce.

1844 - Debut of Giuseppe Verdi's I due Foscari, at Teatro Argentina, Rome.

1848 - A greatly revised constitution, drafted by Johan Rudolf Thorbecke, severely limiting the powers of the Dutch monarchy, and strengthening the powers of the parliament and the ministers, is proclaimed. This constitution is still in effect today.

1868 - U.S. presidential election: Republican Ulysses S. Grant is elected to the first of his two terms in a victory over Democrat Horatio Seymour.

1883 - American Old West: Self-described "Black Bart the poet" gets away with his last stagecoach robbery, but leaves an incriminating clue that eventually leads to his capture.

1896 - U.S. presidential election: Republican William McKinley is elected over Democrat William Jennings Bryan.

1903 - With the encouragement of the United States, Panama proclaims itself independent from Colombia. US President Theodore Roosevelt had wanted the United States to build the Panama Canal, but was not willing to pay what Colombia asked.

1908 - U.S. presidential election: Republican William Howard Taft defeats William Jennings Bryan, Democratic candidate in his third and final nomination.

1911 - Chevrolet officially enters the automobile market in competition with the Ford Model T.

1913 - The USA introduces an income tax.

1918 - Austria-Hungary enters an armistice with the World War I Allies, and the Habsburg-ruled empire dissolves.

1918 - Poland declares its independence from Russia.

1930 - Getúlio Dornelles Vargas became Head of the Provisional Government in Brazil after a bloodless coup on October 24.

1935 - George II of Greece regains his throne.

1936 - U.S. presidential election, 1936: Franklin D. Roosevelt is reelected to a second term in a landslide victory over Alf Landon.

1942 - World War II: Second Battle of El Alamein ends - German forces under Erwin Rommel are forced to retreat during the night.

1944 - World War II: Two supreme commanders of the Slovak National Uprising, Generals Ján Golian and Rudolf Viest are captured, tortured and later executed by German forces.

1954 - The first in the Godzilla series of films is released in Japan.

1957 - Sputnik program: The Soviet Union launches Sputnik 2. On board is the first animal to enter orbit: a dog named Laika.

1964 - U.S. presidential election, 1964: Incumbent US President Lyndon B. Johnson defeats Republican challenger Barry Goldwater, Sr with over 60 percent of the popular vote.

1967 - Vietnam War: Battle of Dak To begins.

1969 - Vietnam War: U.S. President Richard M. Nixon addresses the nation on television and radio, asking the "silent majority" to join him in solidarity on the Vietnam War effort and to support his policies.

1970 - Salvador Allende is inaugurated as president of Chile.

1973 - Mariner program: NASA launches the Mariner 10 toward Mercury, on March 29, 1974 becoming the first space probe to reach that planet.

1975 - An independent audit of Mattel, one of the United States's largest toy manufacturers, reveals that company officials fabricated press releases and financial information to "maintain the appearance of continued corporate growth."

1978 - Dominica gains its independence from the United Kingdom.

1979 - Greensboro massacre: Five members of the Communist Workers Party are shot dead and seven are wounded by a group of Klansmen and neo-Nazis during a "Death to the Klan" rally.

1982 - The Salang tunnel fire in Afghanistan kills up to 2,000+ people.

1984 - Indira Gandhi was cremated at Shakti Sthal.

1986 - Iran-Contra Affair: The Lebanese magazine Ash-Shiraa reports that the United States has been selling weapons to Iran in secret in order to secure the release of seven American hostages held by pro-Iranian groups in Lebanon.

1988 - Sri Lankan Tamil mercenaries try to overthrow the Maldivian government. At President Maumoon Abdul Gayoom's request, the Indian military suppresses the coup attempt within 24 hours.

1991 - Fifteen people are killed in the Barrios Altos massacre in Lima, Peru.

1992 - U.S. presidential election: Democratic challenger Bill Clinton defeats incumbent Republican George H.W. Bush and independent candidate Ross Perot.

1998 - Former professional wrestler Jesse Ventura is elected Governor of the U.S. state of Minnesota.

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Births

39 - Lucan, Roman poet (d. 65)

1500 - Benvenuto Cellini, Italian artist (d. 1571)

1558 - Thomas Kyd, author of The Spanish Tragedy (d. 1594)

1560 - Annibale Carracci, Italian painter (d. 1609)

1587 - Samuel Scheidt, German composer (d. 1654)

1604 - Osman II, Ottoman Sultan (d. 1622)

1618 - Aurangzeb, Mughal Emperor of India (d. 1707)

1633 - Bernardino Ramazzini, Italian physician (d. 1714)

1718 - John Montagu, 4th Earl of Sandwich, English statesman (d. 1792)

1793 - Stephen F. Austin, American pioneer (d. 1836)

1794 - William Cullen Bryant, American poet and journalist (d. 1878)

1801 - Karl Baedeker, German author and publisher (d. 1859)

1801 - Vincenzo Bellini, Italian composer (d. 1835)

1816 - Jubal Early, American Confederate general (d. 1894)

1816 - Calvin Fairbank, American abolitionist minister (d. 1898)

1845 - Edward Douglass White, 9th Chief Justice of the United States (d. 1921)

1852 - Meiji Emperor, Japanese emperor (d. 1912)

1856 - Jim McCormick, Baseball player (d. 1918)

1857 - Mikhail Alekseev, Russian general (d. 1918)

1876 - Stephen Peter Alencastre, Roman Catholic prelate (d. 1940)

1887 - Samuil Marshak, Russian poet (d. 1964)

1893 - Edward Adelbert Doisy, American biochemist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d. 1986)

1895 - Grand Duchess Olga Nikolaevna of Russia (d. 1918)

1899 - Gleb Wataghin, Ukrainian-Italian physicist (d. 1986)

1900 - Adolf Dassler, founder of Adidas (d. 1978)

1901 - Léopold III of Belgium (d. 1983)

1901 - André Malraux, French writer (d. 1976)

1903 - Walker Evans, American photographer (d. 1975)

1908 - Bronko Nagurski, American football player (d. 1990)

1909 - James Reston, American journalist (d. 1995)

1910 - Richard Hurndall, British actor (d. 1984)

1912 - Alfredo Stroessner, President of Paraguay (d. 2006)

1918 - Bob Feller, baseball player

1918 - Russell B. Long, U.S. Senator from Louisiana (d. 2003)

1918 - Dean Riesner, film and television screenwriter (d. 2002)

1919 - Jesús Blasco, Spanish comic book author (d. 1995)

1920 - Oodgeroo Noonuccal, Australian writer (d. 1993)

1921 - Charles Bronson, American actor (d. 2003)

1923 - Tomás Cardinal Ó Fiaich, Northern Irish clergyman (d. 1990)

1924 - Samuel Ruiz García, Mexican Roman Catholic bishop

1926 - Valdas Adamkus, President of the Republic of Lithuania

1930 - Brian Robinson, British cyclist

1931 - Yon Hyong-muk, North Korean politician (d. 2005)

1931 - Monica Vitti, Italian actress

1933 - Ken Berry, American actor

1933 - Jeremy Brett, English actor (d. 1995)

1933 - Michael Dukakis, American politician

1933 - Amartya Sen, Indian economist, Nobel Prize laureate

1933 - John Barry, English composer

1936 - Roy Emerson, Australian tennis champion

1938 - Martin Dunwoody, British mathematician

1938 - Jean Rollin, French director and screenwriter

1941 - Brian Poole, English musician (The Tremeloes)

1945 - J. D. Souther, American country-rock singer/songwriter & actor

1945 - Gerd Müller, German footballer

1946 - Tom Savini, American actor

1948 - Lulu, British actress and singer

1949 - Larry Holmes, American boxer

1950 - Joe Queenan, American writer

1952 - Roseanne, American actress and comedienne

1952 - Jim Cummings, American voice actor

1952 - David Ho, Taiwanese-American AIDS researcher

1953 - Kate Capshaw, American actress

1953 - Dennis Miller, American comedian

1953 - Larry Herndon, baseball player

1954 - Adam Ant, English singer

1954 - Brigitte Lin, Taiwanese actress

1955 - Phil Simms, American football player

1956 - Kevin Murphy, American actor and puppeteer

1956 - Gary Ross, American film director

1957 - Dolph Lundgren, Swedish actor

1959 - Hal Hartley, American film director and writer

1960 - Karch Kiraly, American volleyball player

1962 - Marilyn, British musician

1963 - Ian Wright, English footballer

1967 - Steven Wilson, English musician and producer (Porcupine Tree)

1968 - Debbie Rochon, American actress

1969 - Luciana Gimenez, Brazilian model and hostess

1970 - Dawn Marie Psaltis, American professional wrestler

1971 - Dwight Yorke, Trinidadian footballer

1971 - Dylan Moran, Irish comedian

1972 - Ugo Ehiogu, English footballer

1973 - Nemone, Athlete and broadcaster

1973 - Mick Thompson, American guitarist (Slipknot)

1974 - Tariq Abdul-Wahad, French basketball player

1977 - Aria Giovanni, American model

1979 - Pablo Aimar, Argentine footballer

1981 - Jackie Gayda, American professional wrestler

1982 - Evgeny Plushenko, Russian figure skater

1982 - Travis Richter, American guitarist From First To Last

1986 - Jasmine Trias, American singer

1987 - Gemma Ward, Australian model

1987 - Elizabeth Smart, American kidnapping victim

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Deaths

361 - Constantius II, Roman Emperor (b. 317)

1254 - John III Ducas Vatatzes, Byzantine Emperor (b. 1193)

1428 - Thomas Montacute, 4th Earl of Salisbury, English military leader (mortally wounded in battle) (b. 1388)

1580 - Jeronimo Zurita y Castro, Spanish historian (b. 1512)

1600 - Richard Hooker, English theologian (b. 1554)

1643 - John Bainbridge, English astronomer (b. 1582)

1643 - Paul Guldin, Swiss astronomer and mathematician (b. 1577)

1711 - John Ernest Grabe, German-born Anglican theologian (b. 1666)

1787 - Robert Lowth, British bishop and grammarian (b. 1710)

1793 - Olympe de Gouges, French feminist and revolutionary (b. 1748)

1794 - François-Joachim de Pierre de Bernis, French cardinal and statesman (b. 1715)

1890 - Ulrich Ochsenbein, Swiss Federal Councilor (b. 1811)

1891 - Louis Lucien Bonaparte, French politician and linguist (b. 1813)

1918 - Aleksandr Mikhailovich Lyapunov, Russian scientist (b. 1857)

1926 - Annie Oakley, American sharp-shooter (b. 1860)

1929 - Olav Aukrust, Norwegian poet (b. 1883)

1933 - Emile Roux, French scientist (b. 1853)

1939 - Charles Tournemire, French composer and organist (b. 1870)

1954 - Henri Matisse, French artist (b. 1869)

1957 - Wilhelm Reich, Austrian psychotherapist (b. 1897)

1964 - John Henry Barbee, American guitarist and singer (b. 1905)

1970 - Peter II of Yugoslavia (b. 1923)

1990 - Mary Martin, American actress (b. 1913)

1993 - Leon Theremin, Russian inventor (b. 1895)

1995 - Gordon S. Fahrni, physician and president of the Canadian Medical Association (b. 1887)

1996 - Abdullah Çatlı, a Turkish nationalist and neofascist activist (b. 1956)

1996 - Jean-Bédel Bokassa, President of the Central African Republic (b. 1921)

1998 - Bob Kane, comic artist & Batman co creator (b. 1915)

1999 - Ian Bannen, Scottish actor (b. 1928)

2001 - Ernst Gombrich, Austrian art historian (b. 1909)

2002 - Lonnie Donegan, Scottish musician (b. 1931)

2002 - Jonathan Harris, American actor (b. 1914)

2003 - Rasul Gamzatov, Russian poet (b. 1923)

2004 - Sergei Zholtok, Latvian hockey player (b. 1972)

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Holidays and observances

R.C. Saints - November 3rd is the feast day of the following Roman Catholic Saints:

St. Peter Francis Neron

St. Valentine & Hilary

St. Vulganius

St. Winifred

Also see November 3 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)

Independence Day in Panama (1903, from Colombia), Dominica (1978, from Britain) and Federated States of Micronesia (1986, from United States)

Japan - Culture Day (originally celebrated as Emperor's Birthday until the Meiji Emperor's death in 1912)

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