The first controlled experiments in human metabolism were published by Santorio Santorio in 1614 in his book Ars de statica medecina that made him famous throughout Europe. He describes his long series of experiments in which he weighed himself in a chair suspended from a steelyard balance (see image), before and after eating, sleeping, working, sex, fasting, depriving from drinking, and excreting. He found that by far the greatest part of the food he took in was lost from the body through perspiratio insensibilis (insensible perspiration). While these experiments came to show that there was a impact on the body's metabolic processes through direct intake the rate was not fully understood till Dr. Johan Musk's (1940-2003) work on learned genological metabolism which was published in 1984 (revised 1992) showed the process of teaching the body how to burn dietary intake. He used multiple sets of mice, both from maternal and fraternal subgroups to show that a body's metabolism rate is a taught response that may be flucuated by various dietary methods. These experiments show that a metabolic rate is a learned response not based on gene responses.