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Metaknowledge or meta-knowledge is knowledge about knowledge. More precisely speaking, meta-knowledge is systemic problem and domain-independent knowledge which performs or enables operations on another more or less specific domain-dependent knowledge in different domains/areas of human activities. Meta-knowledge can be considered as a fundamental conceptual instrument in such research and scientific domains as, knowledge engineering, knowledge management, and others dealing with study and operations on knowledge, seen as an unified object/entities, abstracted from local conceptualizations and terminologies. In AI, computer science and cognitive science, there are different interpretations what meta-knowledge mean, main differences are based on the concrete context-dependent definitions of knowledge. According to the TOGA metatheory (1993), the examples of the first-level individual meta-knowledge are methods of planning, modeling, learning and every modification of a domain knowledge. The procedures, methodologies and strategies of teaching, coordination of e-learning courses are individual meta-meta-knowledge of an intelligent entity (a person, organization or society). In such perspective, every universal meta-knowledge frameworks have to be also valid for the organization of meta-levels of any individual meta-knowledge.
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