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1194 - King Richard I of England gives Portsmouth its first Royal Charter.

1335 - Otto the Merry, Duke of Austria, becomes Duke of Carinthia.

1568 - Mary I of Scotland escapes from Loch Leven Castle.

1670 - King Charles II of England grants a permanent charter to the Hudson's Bay Company to open up the fur trade in North America.

1672 - John Maitland becomes Duke of Lauderdale and Earl of March.

1808 - Peninsular War: The people of Madrid rise up in rebellion against French occupation.

1816 - Léopold of Saxe-Coburg and Charlotte Augusta are wed.

1829 - After anchoring nearby, Captain Charles Fremantle of HMS ''Challenger'', declares the Swan River Colony in Australia.

1863 - American Civil War: Stonewall Jackson is wounded by friendly fire while returning to camp after reconnoitering for the Battle of Chancellorsville. He succumbs to pneumonia 8 days later.

1866 - Peruvian defenders fight off Spanish fleet at the Battle of Callao.

1885 - Good Housekeeping magazine goes on sale for the first time.

1885 - Cree and Assiniboine warriors won the Battle of Cut Knife, their largest victory over Canadian forces during the North-West Rebellion.

1885 - The Congo Free State is established by King Léopold II of Belgium.

1889 - Menelik II, Emperor of Ethiopia, signs a treaty of amity with Italy, which gives Italy control over Eritrea.

1900 - Oscar II, King of Sweden, declares support for Britain at the time of the Second Boer War.

1918 - General Motors acquires the Chevrolet Motor Company of Delaware.

1920 - The first game of the Negro National League baseball is played in Indianapolis, Indiana.

1932 - Comedian Jack Benny's radio show airs for the first time.

1933 - The first modern sighting of the Loch Ness monster is reported.

1933 - Gleichschaltung: Adolf Hitler bans trade unions.

1939 - Lou Gehrig's streak of 2130 consecutive Major League Baseball games played comes to an end. The record will stand for 56 years before Cal Ripken, Jr. breaks it.

1945 - World War II: Fall of Berlin – The Soviet Union announces the capture of Berlin and Soviet soldiers hoist their red flag over the ''Reichstag'' building. German forces surrender in Italy. German forces surrender to the New Zealand Army in Trieste.

1946 - "Battle of Alcatraz" - Alcatraz Federal prison, San Francisco is taken over by six inmates following failed escape attempt

1953 - Hussein is crowned King of Jordan.

1955 - Tennessee Williams wins the Pulitzer Prize for Drama for Cat on a Hot Tin Roof.

1963 - Berthold Seliger launches near Cuxhaven a rocket with three stages with a maximum flight altitude of more than 100 kilometres. It is the only sounding rocket developed in Germany.

1964 - Vietnam War: An explosion sinks the USS ''Card'' while docked at Saigon. Viet Cong forces are suspected of placing a bomb on the ship.

1969 - The British ocean liner ''Queen Elizabeth 2'' departs on her maiden voyage to New York City.

1972 - Buddy Baker became the first stock car driver to finish a 500-mile race in less than three hours en route to winning the Winston Select 500 at the Alabama International Motor Speedway in Talladega, Alabama.

1982 - Falklands War: The British nuclear submarine HMS ''Conqueror'' sinks the Argentine cruiser ARA ''General Belgrano''.

1986 - The 1986 World Exposition in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, opens.

1997 - The Labour Party's Tony Blair becomes Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, ending 18 years of Conservative Party rule. At 44, he is the youngest prime minister for 185 years.

1998 - The European Central Bank is founded in Brussels in order to define and execute the EU's monetary policy.

1999 - Panamanian election: Mireya Moscoso became the first woman to be elected President of Panama.

2000 - Bill Clinton announces that GPS access equivalent to the U.S. military would be available for regular citizens.

2000 - Her Royal Highness Princess Margriet of the Netherlands unveiled the Man With Two Hats monument in Ottawa on May 11, 2002, and the other in Apeldoorn on May 2, 2000. Symbolically linking both Netherlands and Canada for their assistance throughout the Second World War.

2005 - Airwork Flight 23 crashes after structural failure.

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1360 - Yongle, Emperor of China (d. 1424)

1451 - René II, Duke of Lorraine (d. 1508)

1551 - William Camden, English historian (d. 1623)

1601 - Athanasius Kircher, German Jesuit scholar (d. 1680)

1660 - Alessandro Scarlatti, Italian composer (d. 1725)

1695 - Giovanni Niccolo Servandoni, Italian-born French architect (d. 1766)

1702 - Friedrich Christoph Oetinger, German theologian (d. 1782)

1729 - Catherine the Great, Empress of Russia (d.1796)

1737 - William Petty, 2nd Earl of Shelburne, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (d. 1805)

1740 - Elias Boudinot, President of the Continental Congress (d. 1821)

1772 - Novalis, German writer (d. 1801)

1773 - Henrik Steffens, Norwegian-German philosopher (d. 1845)

1802 - Heinrich Gustav Magnus, German chemist and physicist (d. 1870)

1810 - Hans Christian Lumbye, Danish composer (d. 1874)

1828 - Désiré Charnay, French archaeologist (d. 1915)

1860 - Theodor Herzl, Austrian journalist (d. 1904)

1865 - Clyde Fitch, American playwright (d. 1909)

1873 - Jurgis Baltrušaitis, Lithuanian poet (d. 1944)

1881 - Alexander Kerensky, Russian politician (d. 1970)

1884 - Elijah McCoy, Canadian-born inventor (d. 1929)

1885 - Hedda Hopper, American gossip columnist (d. 1966)

1886 - Gottfried Benn, German author (d. 1956)

1887 - Vernon Castle, English dancer (d. 1918)

1887 - Eddie Collins, baseball player (d. 1951)

1890 - E. E. Smith, American writer (d. 1965)

1892 - Manfred von Richthofen, German World War I pilot (d. 1918)

1895 - Lorenz Hart, American lyricist (d. 1943)

1903 - Bing Crosby, American singer and actor (d. 1977)

1903 - Benjamin Spock, American pediatrician and author (d. 1998)

1906 - Philippe Halsman, American photographer (d. 1979)

1907 - Pinky Lee, American vaudeville performer (d. 1993)

1910 - Alexander Bonnyman, U.S. Marine (d. 1943)

1912 - Axel Cäsar Springer, German publisher (d. 1985)

1913 - Nigel Patrick, English actor (d. 1981)

1915 - Doris Fisher, American songwriter (d. 2003)

1920 - Jean-Marie Auberson, Swiss conductor (d. 2004)

1920 - Otto Buchsbaum, writer and ecological activist (d. 2000)

1921 - Satyajit Ray, Indian director (d. 1992)

1922 - A.M. Rosenthal, Canadian-born newspaper editor

1924 - Theodore Bikel, Austrian-born actor and singer

1925 - Roscoe Lee Browne, American actor

1929 - Link Wray, American guitarist (d. 2005)

1935 - Faisal II of Iraq (d. 1958)

1935 - Lance LeGault, American actor

1936 - Engelbert Humperdinck, British/American singer

1936 - Michael Rabin, American violinist (d. 1972)

1937 - Lorenzo Music, American actor (d. 2001)

1938 - Moshoeshoe II of Lesotho (d. 1996)

1939 - Sumio Iijima, Japanese physicist

1941 - Clay Carroll, baseball player

1942 - Jacques Rogge, Belgian International Olympic Committee president

1945 - Sarah Weddington, American attorney

1945 - Bianca Jagger, Nicaraguan socialite; ex-wife of Mick Jagger

1945 - Gene Deckerhoff, American sports announcer

1946 - Lesley Gore, American singer

1946 - David Suchet, English actor

1948 - Larry Gatlin, American musician

1949 - Alan Titchmarsh, English television presenter

1950 - Lou Gramm, American musician (Foreigner)

1952 - Christine Baranski, American actress

1953 - Valery Gergiev, Russian-born conductor

1955 - Donatella Versace, Italian fashion designer

1956 - David Rhodes, English guitarist

1961 - Steve James, English snooker player

1962 - Jimmy White, English snooker player

1962 - Ray Traylor, professional wrestler (d. 2004)

1965 - Félix José, baseball player

1966 - Belinda Stronach, Canadian Member of Parliament

1967 - Mika Brzezinski, American journalist

1968 - Midorikawa Hikaru, Japanese voice actor

1968 - Ziana Zain, Malaysian singer and actress

1969 - Brian Lara, West Indian cricketer

1972 - The Rock, American professional wrestler and actor

1972 - Paul Adcock, English footballer

1974 - Andy Johnson, Welsh footballer

1975 - David Beckham, English footballer

1978 - Steve Bays, Canadian musician

1979 - Roman Lyashenko, Russian hockey player (d. 2003)

1980 - Brad Richards, NHL hockey player

1980 - Zat Knight, English footballer

1980 - Troy Murphy, American basketball player

1980 - Tim Borowski, German footballer

1981 - Maria Kanellis, American professional wrestler

1982 - Lorie, French singer

1984 - Saulius Mikoliūnas, Lithuanian footballer

1985 - Sarah Hughes, American figure skater

1985 - Kyle Busch, American race car driver

1985 - Lily Allen, British singer-songwriter

1987 - Nana Kitade, Japanese singer

1990 - Kay Panabaker, American actress

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373 - Athanasius, Patriarch of Alexandria (b. 298)

756 - Emperor Shomu, Emperor of Japan (b. 701)

907 - Boris I of Bulgaria

1230 - William de Braose, Lord of Abergavenny (b. 1197)

1300 - Blanche of Artois, regent of Navarre (b. 1248)

1450 - William de la Pole, 1st Duke of Suffolk, English military leader (b. 1396)

1519 - Leonardo da Vinci, Italian inventor and painter (b. 1452)

1564 - Cardinal Rodolfo Pio da Carpi, Italian humanist (b. 1500)

1627 - Lodovico Grossi da Viadana, Italian composer (b. 1560)

1667 - George Wither, English writer (b. 1588)

1683 - Stjepan Gradić, Croatian philosopher and scientist (b. 1613)

1711 - Laurence Hyde, 1st Earl of Rochester, English statesman (b. 1641)

1802 - Herman Willem Daendels, Dutch statesman (b. 1762)

1819 - Mary Moser, English painter (b. 1744)

1857 - Alfred de Musset, French writer (b. 1810)

1864 - Giacomo Meyerbeer, German composer (b. 1791)

1927 - Ernest Starling, British physiologist (b. 1866)

1945 - Martin Bormann, Nazi official (b. 1900)

1945 - Ludwig Stumpfegger, SS doctor (b. 1910)

1945 - Joe Corbett, baseball player (b. 1875)

1957 - Joseph McCarthy, U.S. Senator (b. 1908)

1960 - Caryl Chessman, American robber and rapist (b. 1921)

1964 - Nancy Astor, Viscountess Astor, American-born politician (b. 1879)

1969 - Franz von Papen, Chancellor of Germany (b. 1879)

1972 - J. Edgar Hoover, director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation (b. 1895)

1979 - Giulio Natta, Italian chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1903)

1980 - George Pál, Hungarian-born film director (b. 1908)

1983 - Norm Van Brocklin, American football star (b. 1926)

1984 - Jack Barry, television game show producer and host (b. 1918)

1985 - Attilio Bettega, Italian rallydriver (b.1951)

1986 - Henri Toivonen, Finish rallydriver (b.1956)

1989 - Giuseppe Cardinal Siri, Roman Catholic Cardinal (b. 1906)

1989 - Veniamin Kaverin, Russian writer (b. 1902)

1990 - David Rappaport, English actor (b. 1951)

1992 - Wilbur Mills, American politician (b. 1909)

1995 - Michael Hordern, English actor (b. 1911)

1997 - John Carew Eccles, Australian neurophysiologist, Nobel laureate (b. 1903)

1997 - Paulo Freire, Brazilian educator (b. 1921)

1998 - Hideto "hide" Matsumoto, Japanese musician (b. 1964)

1998 - Kevin Lloyd, British actor (b. 1949)

1999 - Oliver Reed, English actor (b. 1938)

2001 - Ted Rogers, British comedian (b. 1935)

2001 - Gina Mastrogiacomo, American actress (b. 1961)

2002 - John Nathan-Turner, English television producer (b. 1947)

2002 - W. T. Tutte, English-born codebreaker (b. 1917)

2005 - Kenneth B. Clark, American psychologist (b. 1914)

2005 - Wee Kim Wee, 4th President of Singapore (b. 1915)

2006 - Louis Rukeyser, American columnist (b. 1933)

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Poland - Flag Day, an official holiday to honour the Flag of Poland

Bahá'í Faith: Last day of the Festival of Ridván

Madrid Region - Day of the Region.

Slovenia - second day of Labour Day

Iran - Teacher's Day

Indonesia - Indonesia National Education Day

Scurvy Awareness Day, according to the Sunkist corporation

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Liturgical * Feast days
in the Roman Catholic Church:

Saint Athanasius
Saint Boris
Saints Exuperius and Zoe
Saint Germanus
Saint Waldebert, Walbert or Gaubert
Saint Mafalda
Saint Zoe
in the Bulgarian Orthodox Church:

Saint Tsar Boris