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The three methods for logical reasoning, deduction, induction and abduction can be explained in the following way:
Given preconditions α, postconditions β and the rule R1: α ∴ β (α therefore β).
Deduction means determining β. It is using the rule and its preconditions to make a conclusion (α ∧ R1 ⇒ β).
Induction means determining R1. It is learning R1 after numerous examples of β and α.
Abduction means determining α. It is using the postcondition and the rule to assume that the precondition could explain the postcondition (β ∧ R1 ⇒ α).
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