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This is a complete list of the official languages designated in the sovereign states of the world. It includes all languages that have official language status either statewide or in a part of the state, regional language status, or minority language status.
Only states, which are defined as sovereign, internationally recognised, independent political entities, are listed. This is not a list of countries or nations, although many states listed, are simultaneously also countries and/or nations.
For dependent territories, refer to the corresponding sovereign states.
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Definitions
Official language: one designated as having a unique legal status in the state, typically, the language used in a nation's legislative bodies, and often, official government business
Regional language: one designated as having official status limited to a specific area, administrative division, or territory of the state (on this page a regional language will have parentheses next to it that contain a region, province, etc. where the language has regional status)
Minority language: (as used here) one spoken by a minority population within the state and officially designated as such; typically afforded protection and designated an officially permissible language for legal and government business in a specific area or territory of the state (on this page a minority language will be followed by parentheses that identify its minority status)
National language: one that uniquely represents the national identity of a state, nation, and/or country and so designated by a country's government; some are technically minority languages (on this page a national language will be followed by parentheses that identify it as a national language status)
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A
Arabic (statewide minority language)
Balochi (statewide minority language) (official in areas where spoken by majority of population)
Nuristani (statewide minority language) (official in areas where spoken by majority of population)
Pamiri (statewide minority language) (official in areas where spoken by majority of population)
Pashai (statewide minority language) (official in areas where spoken by majority of population)
Turkmen (statewide minority language) (official in areas where spoken by majority of population)
Uzbek (statewide minority language) (official in areas where spoken by majority of population)
No official language, English is the de facto official language.
Czech (statewide minority language)
Slovak (statewide minority language)
Romani (statewide minority language)
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B
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C
Mandarin (locally know as Putonghua) (statewide, except in Hong Kong and Macau where it has de facto official status)
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D
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E
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F
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G
Wolof (minority language)
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H
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I
Catalan (statewide minority language)
French (statewide minority language)
German (statewide minority language)
Greek (statewide minority language)
Ladin (statewide minority language)
Occitan (statewide minority language)
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J
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K
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L
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M
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N
English is a de facto official language (statewide)
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O
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P
Arabic (recognized in Constitution)
Spanish (recognized in Constitution)
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Q
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R
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S
Wolof (national language)
No official language statewide, Swedish is the de facto official language.
German (in Aargau, Appenzell Ausserrhoden, Appenzell Innerrhoden, Basel-Landschaft, Basel-Stadt, Bern, Fribourg, Glarus, Graubünden, Lucerne, Nidwalden, Obwalden, Saint Gallen, Schaffhausen, Schwyz, Solothurn, Thurgau, Uri, Valais, Zug, and Zürich)
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T
Mandarin (locally know as Kuo-yü) (national)
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U
No official language statewide, English is the de facto official language.
English (in Anguilla, Bermuda, the British Indian Ocean Territory, the British Virgin Islands, the Cayman Islands, the Falkland Islands, Gibraltar, Guernsey, Jersey, Montserrat, Northern Ireland, the Pitcairn Islands, Saint Helena, Scotland, Turks and Caicos Islands, and Wales)
No official language nationwide, English is the de facto official language and the national language.
English (in Alabama, Alaska, American Samoa, Arkansas, California, Colorado, Florida, Georgia, Guam, Hawaii, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kentucky, Louisiana, Massachusetts, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, New Hampshire, North Carolina, North Dakota, the Northern Mariana Islands, Puerto Rico, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, the U.S. Virgin Islands, Utah, Virginia, West Virginia, and Wyoming)
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V
No official language; Latin is the de facto official language.
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W
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Y
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Z
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See also
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