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a2i2, a commercial artificial general intelligence software engine development effort by Adaptive A.I.

AIML, an XML dialect for creating natural language software agents.

Ai Research, a project to create true artificial intelligence, also showcasing the state of the art in pattern-matching conversational machines.

A.L.I.C.E., an award-winning natural language processing chatterbot.

CCortex, a planned 20-billion neuron simulation of the human cortex and peripheral systems, by Artificial Development.

Chinook, a computer program that plays English draughts; the first to win the world champion title in the competition against humans.

Cog, a robot developed by MIT to study theories of cognitive science and artificial intelligence, now discontinued.

CodeSimian, a programming language specialized in building artificial intelligence and artificial life.

Cyc, an attempt to assemble an ontology and database of everyday knowledge, enabling human-like reasoning.

Deep Blue, a chess-playing computer developed by IBM which beat Garry Kasparov in 1997.

ELIZA, a famous 1966 computer program by Joseph Weizenbaum, which parodied person-centered psychotherapy.

Eurisko, a language by Douglas Lenat for solving problems which consists of heuristics, including heuristics for how to use and change its heuristics.

Hierarchical Temporal Memory, a technology by Numenta to capture and replicate the properties of the neocortex.

I-X, a systems integration architecture project for the creation of intelligent systems at AIAI, Edinburgh.

InfoTame, a text analysis search engine originally developed by the KGB for sorting communications intercepts.

Jabberwacky, a chatterbot by Rollo Carpenter, aiming to simulate a natural human chat.

Mindpixel, a project aimed to create a database of human validated true/false statements, closed prematurely.

Mind.Forth, an AI engine for robots, with spreading activation as the fundamental mechanism of cognition.

Novamente AI Engine, an AI software system by Novamente with a long term focus of developing a general purpose artificial intelligence.

Open Mind Common Sense, a project based at the MIT Media Lab to build a large common sense knowledge base from online contributions.

PARRY, another early famous chatterbot, written in 1972 by Kenneth Colby, attempting to simulate a paranoid schizophrenic.

Poki, research into computer poker by the University of Alberta.

Questsin, uses Query by Example and featuers a dictionary, knowledge base, repository, reference, and thesaurus.

SHRDLU, an early natural language processing computer program developed by Terry Winograd at MIT from 1968 to 1970.

START, the world's first web-based question answering system, developed at the MIT CSAIL.

SYSTRAN, a machine translation technology by a company of the same name, used by Yahoo!, AltaVista and Google, among others.

Virtual Woman, the oldest continuous form of virtual life — a chatterbot, virtual reality, artificial intelligence, video game, and virtual human.

YALE, an environment for machine learning and data mining, developed by the University of Dortmund.