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350 - Roman usurper Nepotianus, of the Constantinian dynasty, proclaims himself Roman Emperor, entering Rome at the head of a group of gladiators.

1098 - First Crusade: Antioch falls to the crusaders after an eight-month siege.

1140 - French scholar Peter Abelard is found guilty of heresy.

1326 - Treaty of Novgorod delineates borders between Russia and Norway in Finnmark.

1608 - Samuel de Champlain completes his third voyage to New France at Tadoussac, Quebec.

1620 - Construction of the oldest stone church in French North America, Notre-Dame-des-Anges, begins at Quebec City, Quebec, Canada.

1621 - The Dutch West India Company receives a charter for New Netherlands.

1658 - The Pope appoints François de Laval vicar apostolic in New France.

1665 - James Stuart, Duke of York (later to become King James II of England) defeats the Dutch Fleet off the coast of Lowestoft.

1770 - Mission San Carlos Borromeo de Carmelo is founded in Carmel-by-the-Sea, California.

1800 - U.S. President John Adams takes up residence in Washington, DC (in a tavern – the White House was not yet completed).

1850 - The traditional founding date of Kansas City, Missouri. This was the date on which it was first incorporated by Jackson County, Missouri as the "City of Kansas".

1864 - American Civil War: Battle of Cold Harbor - Union forces attack Confederate troops at Cold Harbor, Virginia.

1866 - Fenians are driven out of Fort Erie, Ontario, into the United States to a heroes' welcome.

1885 - Last military engagement fought on Canadian soil: Cree leader Big Bear escapes the North West Mounted Police.

1888 - The poem "Casey at the Bat", by Ernest Lawrence Thayer, is published in the San Francisco Examiner.

1889 - The Canadian Pacific Railway is completed from coast to coast.

1889 - The first long-distance electric power transmission line in the United States is completed, running 14 miles between a generator at Willamette Falls and downtown Portland, Oregon, United States.

1907 - Centro Escolar University was established by Librada Avelino and Carmen de Luna in Manila, Philippines.

1916 - The ROTC is established by the U.S. Congress.

1916 - The National Defense Act is signed into law, increasing the size of the United States National Guard by 450,000 men.

1935 - One thousand unemployed Canadian workers board freight cars in Vancouver, British Columbia, beginning a protest trek to Ottawa, Ontario.

1937 - The Duke of Windsor marries Wallis Simpson.

1940 - World War II: The Luftwaffe bombs Paris.

1940 - World War II: The Battle of Dunkirk ends with a German victory and with Allied forces in full retreat.

1943 - A mob of 60 from the Los Angeles Naval Reserve Armory beats up everyone perceived to be Hispanic, starting a week-long race riot (see Zoot Suit Riots).

1953 - Billy Joe McAllister jumps off the Tallahatchie Bridge, according to the 1967 hit song Ode to Billy Joe by Bobbie Gentry, and the movie which followed.

1956 - British Rail renames 'Third Class' passenger facilities as 'Second Class' (Second Class facilities had been abolished in 1875, leaving just First Class and Third Class).

1962 - An Air France Boeing 707 jet crashed shortly after takeoff from Paris, killing 130.

1963 - A Northwest Airlines DC-7 crashes in the Pacific Ocean off the coast of British Columbia, killing 101.

1965 - Launch of Gemini 4, the first multi-day space mission by an NASA crew.

1965 - For 21 minutes, Edward H. White floats free outside the space vehicle Gemini IV for the first time.

1968 - Valerie Solanas, author of The SCUM Manifesto, attempts to assassinate Andy Warhol by shooting him three times.

1969 - Off the coast of South Vietnam, the Australian aircraft carrier HMAS ''Melbourne'' cuts the U.S. Navy destroyer USS ''Frank E. Evans'' in half.

1973 - A Soviet supersonic Tupolev Tu-144 crashes near Goussainville, France, killing 14, the first crash of a supersonic passenger aircraft.

1977 - Reggae stars Bob Marley and the Wailers release the classic album Exodus, which would be named Time magazine's "Album of the Century" in 1999.

1979 - A blowout at the Ixtoc I oil well in the southern Gulf of Mexico causes at least 600,000 tons (176,400,000 gallons) of oil to be spilled into the waters, the worst oil spill to date.

1982 - The Israeli ambassador to Britain, Shlomo Argov, is shot on a London street. He survives but is permanently paralysed.

1989 - The government of China sends troops to force protesters out of Tiananmen Square after seven weeks of occupation.

1991 - Mount Unzen erupts in Japan in Kyūshū killing 43 people, all of them either researchers or journalists.

1992 - The Mabo Decision is handed down, recognising the land rights of Australian Aborigines.

1997 - Lionel Jospin becomes Prime Minister of France.

1998 - Eschede train disaster: an ICE high speed train derails in Lower Saxony, Germany, causing 101 deaths.

2006 - The union of Serbia and Montenegro comes to an end with Montenegro's formal declaration of independence.

2006 - Canada conducts largest domestic anti-terrorism operation, arresting 17 suspected of planning attacks in Ontario.

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1540 - Charles II of Austria (d. 1590)

1635 - Philippe Quinault, French writer (d. 1688)

1659 - David Gregory, Scottish astronomer (d. 1708)

1723 - Giovanni Antonio Scopoli, Italian-born naturalist (d. 1788)

1726 - James Hutton, Scottish geologist (d. 1797)

1770 - Manuel Belgrano, Argentine politician (d. 1820)

1808 - Jefferson Davis, President of the Confederate States of America (d. 1889)

1818 - Louis Faidherbe, French general (d. 1889)

1819 - Anton Anderledy, Swiss Superior General of the Society of Jesus (d. 1892)

1832 - Alexandre Charles Lecocq, French composer (d. 1918)

1843 - Frederick VIII of Denmark (d. 1912)

1844 - Garret Hobart, 24th Vice President of the United States (d. 1899)

1844 - Detlev von Liliencron, German poet (d. 1909)

1853 - William Matthew Flinders Petrie, English Egyptologist (d. 1942)

1864 - Otto Erich Hartleben, German writer (d. 1905)

1864 - Ransom E. Olds, American automobile pioneer (d. 1950)

1865 - George V of the United Kingdom (d. 1936)

1866 - George Howells Broadhurst, English director (d. 1952)

1873 - Otto Loewi, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine laureate (d. 1961)

1877 - Raoul Dufy, French painter (d. 1953)

1878 - Barney Oldfield, American race car driver (d. 1946)

1879 - Raymond Pearl, American biologist (d. 1940)

1881 - Mikhail Larionov, Russian painter (d. 1964)

1888 - Tom Brown, American musician (d. 1958)

1899 - Georg von Békésy, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine laureate (d. 1972)

1901 - Maurice Evans, English actor (d. 1989)

1903 - Eddie Acuff, American actor (d. 1956)

1904 - Jan Peerce, American tenor (d. 1984)

1906 - Josephine Baker, American dancer (d. 1975)

1907 - Paul Rotha, English director (d. 1984)

1911 - Ellen Corby, American actress (d. 1999)

1911 - Paulette Goddard, American actress (d. 1990)

1913 - Pedro Mir, Dominican Poet Laureate (d. 2000)

1918 - Lili St. Cyr, American ecdysiast (d. 1999)

1921 - Forbes Carlile, Australian athlete

1922 - Alain Resnais, French director

1923 - Igor Shafarevich, Russian mathematician

1924 - Colleen Dewhurst, Canadian actress (d. 1991)

1924 - Torsten Wiesel, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine laureate

1924 - Jimmy Rogers, American blues guitarist (d. 1997)

1925 - Tony Curtis, American actor

1926 - Allen Ginsberg, American poet (d. 1997)

1926 - Boots Randolph, American musician

1929 - Werner Arber, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine laureate

1929 - Chuck Barris, American game show host

1930 - Marion Zimmer Bradley, American author (d. 1999)

1931 - John Norman, American author

1931 - Lindy Remigino, American athlete

1933 - Isa ibn Salman Al Khalifah, emir of Bahrain (d. 1999)

1934 - Rolland D. McCune, American theologian

1936 - Jim Gentile, Baseball player

1936 - Larry McMurtry, American author

1937 - Solomon P. Ortiz, American politician

1939 - Steve Dalkowski, baseball player

1939 - Ian Hunter, English musician

1942 - Curtis Mayfield, American musician (d. 1999)

1943 - Billy Cunningham, American basketball player

1944 - Edith McGuire, American runner

1946 - Eddie Holman, American singer

1946 - Michael Clarke American musician (d. 1993)

1950 - Melissa Mathison, American screenwriter

1950 - Deniece Williams, American singer

1950 - Suzi Quatro, American musician and actress

1952 - Billy Powell, American keyboardist

1954 - Dan Hill, Canadian singer and songwriter

1956 - Brad Nessler, American sports broadcaster

1957 - Horst-Ulrich Hänel, German field hockey player

1961 - Lawrence Lessig, American lawyer and author

1963 - Doro Pesch, German singer

1963 - Rudy Demotte, Belgian politician

1964 - Kerry King, American musician

1964 - James Purefoy, British actor

1965 - Kurt von Finck, American open source advocate

1965 - Mike Gordon, American musician

1966 - Wasim Akram, Pakistani cricketer

1967 - Anderson Cooper, American reporter

1968 - Jamie O'Neal, American singer

1968 - Samantha Sprackling, Nigerian singer

1969 - Takako Minekawa, Japanese musician

1970 - Esther Hart, Dutch singer

1970 - Julie Masse, French Canadian singer

1970 - Peter Tägtgren, Swedish musician (Hypocrisy) and producer

1971 - Carl Everett, American baseball player

1974 - Krayzie Bone, American rapper

1974 - Kelly Jones, Welsh singer

1975 - Jose Molina, Puerto Rican baseball player

1976 - Jamie McMurray, American NASCAR driver

1976 - Yuri Ruley, American drummer

1977 - Cris, Brazilian footballer

1977 - Az-Zahir Hakim, American football player

1977 - Travis Hafner, American baseball player

1982 - Yelena Isinbayeva, Russian pole vaulter

1985 - Pretty Ricky, American singer

1986 - Rafael Nadal, Spanish tennis player

1987 - Lalaine, American actress and singer.

1987 - Masami Nagasawa, Japanese actress

2006 - Countess Leonore, Member of the Dutch Royal Family

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1395 - Ivan Shishman of Bulgaria

1397 - William Montacute, 2nd Earl of Salisbury, English military leader (b. 1328)

1411 - Duke Leopold IV of Austria (b. 1371)

1548 - Juan de Zumárraga, Spanish Catholic bishop of Mexico (b. 1468)

1594 - John Aylmer, English political theorist (b. 1521)

1640 - Theophilus Howard, 2nd Earl of Suffolk, English politician (b. 1584)

1657 - William Harvey, English physician (b. 1578)

1649 - Manuel de Faria e Sousa, Portuguese historian and poet (b. 1590)

1659 - Morgan Llwyd, Welsh Puritan preacher and writer (b. 1619)

1780 - Thomas Hutchinson, American colonial governor of Massachusetts (b. 1711)

1818 - Egwale Seyon, Emperor of Ethiopia.

1826 - Nikolai Mikhailovich Karamzin, Russian writer (b. 1766)

1858 - Julius Reubke, German composer (b. 1834)

1861 - Stephen A. Douglas, American politician (b. 1813)

1875 - Georges Bizet, French composer (b. 1838)

1877 - Ludwig Ritter von Köchel, Austrian musicologist (b. 1800

1882 - Christian Wilberg, German painter (b. 1839)

1894 - Karl Eduard Zachariae, German expert on Byzantine Law (b. 1812)

1899 - Johann Strauss II, Austrian composer (b. 1825)

1924 - Franz Kafka, Czech novelist (b. 1883)

1928 - Li Yüan-hung, Chinese general and political figure (b. 1864)

1933 - William Muldoon, wrestler (b. 1852)

1955 - Barbara Graham, American murderer (b. 1923)

1963 - Nazim Hikmet, Turkish poet (b. 1902)

1963 - Pope John XXIII (b. 1881)

1964 - Frans Eemil Sillanpää, Finnish writer, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1888)

1970 - Hjalmar Schacht, Nazi official (b. 1877)

1971 - Heinz Hopf, German mathematician (b. 1894)

1973 - Dory Funk, Professional wrestler

1975 - Ozzie Nelson, American band leader, producer, director, and actor (b. 1906)

1975 - Eisaku Sato, Prime Minister of Japan, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (b. 1901)

1977 - Archibald Vivian Hill, English physiologist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1886)

1977 - Roberto Rossellini, Italian film director (b. 1906)

1983 - Nanna, Rafi Khawar, Lollywood actor, Lahore

1989 - Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini, Iranian Shi'ite leader (b. 1900)

1990 - Stiv Bators, American musician (The Dead Boys) (b. 1949)

1990 - Robert Noyce, American inventor (b. 1927)

1991 - Katia Krafft, French volcanologist (eruption) (b. 1942)

1991 - Maurice Krafft, French volcanologist (eruption) (b. 1946)

1992 - Robert Morley, English actor (b. 1908)

1997 - Dennis James, American television personality (b. 1917)

1998 - Poul Bundgaard, Danish actor and singer (b. 1922)

2001 - Anthony Quinn, Mexican-born actor (b. 1915)

2003 - Felix de Weldon, Austrian sculptor (b. 1907)

2005 - Harold Cardinal, Cree political leader, writer, and lawyer (b. 1945)

2006 - Johnny Grande, Original accordion/piano/keyboard player for Bill Haley's Comets (b. 1932)

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Roman Empire - Festival to Bellona.

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Liturgical Feast days

Vladimirskaya (in Russia)
Saint Charles Lwanga and Companions, Martyrs of Uganda.
Saint Kevin of Glendalough.
Saint Clothilde (died 545)
Blessed Pope John XXIII
Saint Paula (died 273)