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1504 - France cedes Naples to Aragon.

1606 - Gunpowder Plot: Guy Fawkes is executed for his plotting against Parliament and James I of England.

1747 - The first venereal diseases clinic opens at London Lock Hospital.

1910 - The Portuguese republican revolution broke out in the northern city of Porto.

1814 - Gervasio Antonio de Posadas becomes Supreme Director of Argentina.

1849 - Corn Laws abolished in the United Kingdom.

1865 - American Civil War: Confederate General Robert E. Lee becomes general-in-chief.

1867 - Maronite nationalist leader Karam leaves Lebanon on board of a French ship for Algeria

1876 - The United States orders all Native Americans to move into reservations.

1900 - Datu Muhammad Salleh is shot dead in Kampung Teboh, Tambuan, ending the Mat Salleh Rebellion

1915 - World War I: Germany uses poison gas against Russians.

1917 - World War I: Germany announces its U-boats will engage in unrestricted submarine warfare.

1918 - A series of accidental collisions on a misty Scottish night leads to the loss of two Royal Navy submarines with over a hundred lives, and damage to another five British warships.

1919 - 1919 Battle of George Square

1929 - The Soviet Union exiles Leon Trotsky.

1930 - 3M markets Scotch Tape.

1936 - The Green Hornet radio show debuts.

1944 - World War II: American forces land on Kwajalein Atoll and other islands in the Japanese-held Marshall Islands.

1945 - US Army private Eddie Slovik is executed, the first American soldier since the Civil War to be executed for desertion.

1946 - Yugoslavia's new constitution, modeling the Soviet Union, establishes six constituent republics (Bosnia-Herzegovina, Croatia, Macedonia, Montenegro, Serbia and Slovenia).

1950 - President Harry S. Truman announces a program to develop the hydrogen bomb.

1953 - A flood causes over 1,800 deaths in the Netherlands.

1956 - Guy Mollet becomes Prime Minister of France.

1957 - Three students on a junior high school playground in Pacoima, California are among the eight persons killed following the mid-air collision between a Douglas DC-7 airliner and a Northrop F-89 Scorpion fighter jet above the San Fernando Valley section of Los Angeles.

1958 - Explorer program: Explorer I - The first successful launch of an American satellite into orbit.

1958 - James Van Allen discovers the Van Allen radiation belt.

1961 - Project Mercury: Mercury-Redstone 2 - Ham the Chimp travels into outer space.

1968 - Viet Cong attack the United States embassy in Saigon.

1968 - Nauru declares independence from Australia.

1971 - Project Apollo: Apollo 14 Mission - Astronauts, Shepard, Roosa, & Mitchell, aboard a Saturn V, lift off for a mission to the Fra Mauro.

1971 - The Winter Soldier Investigation, organized by the Vietnam Veterans Against the War to publicize war crimes and atrocities by Americans and allies in Vietnam, begin in Detroit, Michigan.

1980 - Thirty-nine people burned to death in the occupation of the Spanish Embassy in Guatemala.

1988 - Super Bowl XXII: The Washington Redskins win their second championship of the 1980s, 42-10.

1990 - The first McDonald's opens in Moscow, Russia.

1993 - Super Bowl XXVII: The Dallas Cowboys defeat the Buffalo Bills, 52-17.

1995 - President Bill Clinton authorizes a $20 billion loan to Mexico to stabilize its economy.

1996 - An explosives-filled truck rams into the gates of the Central Bank in Colombo, Sri Lanka killing at least 86 and injuring 1,400.

1999 - Super Bowl XXXIII: The Denver Broncos defeat the Atlanta Falcons, 34-19. After the game, the TV show Family Guy airs its pilot episode.

2000 - An Alaska Airlines MD-83 crashes in the Pacific Ocean off the coast of Oxnard, California killing all 88 aboard.

2001 - In the Netherlands a Scottish court convicts a Libyan and acquits another for their part in the bombing of Pan Am Flight 103 which crashed into Lockerbie, Scotland in 1988.

2002 - A large section of the Antarctic Larsen Ice Shelf begins disintegrating, eventually consuming about 3,250 km² (1,254 miles²) over a 35-day period.

2003 - Waterfall train disaster, NSW, Australia.

2004 - Mystery Science Theater 3000 ends its run on the Sci-Fi Channel.

2005 - The child molestation trial of superstar Michael Jackson begins in California.

2006 - Incapacitated Prime Minister of Israel Ariel Sharon officially exits politics after three decades.

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1338 - King Charles V of France (d. 1380)

1512 - King Henry of Portugal (d. 1580)

1543 - Tokugawa Ieyasu, Shogun of Japan (d. 1616)

1550 - Henry I, Duke of Guise, French Catholic leader (d. 1588)

1597 - John Regis, French saint (d. 1640)

1624 - Arnold Geulincx, Flemish philosopher (d. 1669)

1686 - Hans Egede, Norwegian Lutheran missionary (d. 1758)

1752 - Gouverneur Morris, American lawmaker and diplomat (d. 1816)

1759 - François Devienne, French composer (d. 1803)

1797 - Franz Schubert, Austrian composer (d. 1828)

1866 - Lev Shestov, Russian philosopher (d. 1938)

1868 - Theodore William Richards, American chemist, Nobel laureate (d. 1928)

1872 - Zane Grey, American Western writer (d. 1939)

1881 - Irving Langmuir, American chemist, Nobel laureate (d. 1957)

1884 - Theodor Heuss, 1st President of Germany (Bundespräsident) (d. 1963)

1889 - Frank Foster, English cricketer (d. 1958)

1892 - Eddie Cantor, American actor and singer (d. 1964)

1894 - Isham Jones, American musician (d. 1956)

1896 - Sofya Yanovskaya], Russian mathematician (b. 1896)

1902 - Tallulah Bankhead, American actress (d. 1968)

1902 - Alva Myrdal, Swedish politician, Nobel laureate (d. 1986)

1905 - John O'Hara, American writer (d. 1970)

1913 - Don Hutson, American football player (d. 1997)

1914 - Sri Daya Mata, Hindu religious figure

1914 - Jersey Joe Walcott, American boxer (d. 1994)

1914 - Carey Loftin, American actor and stuntman (d. 1997)

1915 - Alan Lomax, American singer (d. 2002)

1915 - Thomas Merton, American monk (d. 1968)

1915 - Garry Moore, American comedian (d. 1993)

1919 - Jackie Robinson, American baseball player (d. 1972)

1921 - John Agar, American actor (d. 2002)

1921 - Carol Channing, American actress

1921 - E. Fay Jones, American architect

1921 - Mario Lanza, American singer (d. 1959)

1922 - Joanne Dru, American actress (d. 1996)

1923 - Norman Mailer, American writer and journalist

1925 - Benjamin Hooks, American civil rights leader

1929 - Rudolf Mössbauer, German physicist, Nobel laureate

1929 - Jean Simmons, English actress

1931 - Ernie Banks, American baseball player

1935 - Kenzaburo Oe, Japanese writer, Nobel laureate

1937 - Philip Glass, American composer

1937 - Suzanne Pleshette, American actress

1938 - Queen Beatrix of the Netherlands

1938 - James G. Watt, American politician

1940 - Jessica Walter, American actress

1941 - Richard A. "Dick" Gephardt, American politician

1942 - Daniela Bianchi, Italian actress

1942 - Derek Jarman, British director and writer (d. 1994)

1944 - Charlie Musselwhite, American musician

1945 - Joseph Kosuth, American conceptual artist

1946 - Terry Kath, American musician (d. 1978)

1947 - Jonathan Banks, American actor

1947 - Nolan Ryan, American baseball player

1948 - Muneo Suzuki, Japanese politician

1949 - Ken Wilber, American philosopher

1950 - Alexander Korzhakov, Boris Yeltsin's bodyguard

1951 - Dave Benton, Aruban-born singer

1951 - Harry Wayne Casey, American singer and musician (KC and the Sunshine Band)

1952 - Nadya Rusheva, Russian painter (d. 1969)

1954 - Adrian Vandenberg, Dutch musician (Whitesnake)

1956 - Johnny Rotten, British singer (Sex Pistols)

1959 - Anthony LaPaglia, Australian actor

1959 - Kelly Moore, American stock car driver

1960 - Grant Morrison, British comic book author

1961 - Lloyd Cole, British singer

1964 - Jeff Hanneman, American musician (Slayer)

1964 - Billey Shamrock, Swedish singer

1967 - Fat Mike, American musician

1970 - Minnie Driver, British actress

1971 - Patrick Kielty, Northern Irish comedian

1973 - Portia de Rossi, Australian actress

1974 - Wil Anderson, Australian comedian

1976 - Buddy Rice, American race car driver

1977 - Jim Kleinsasser, American football player

1977 - Mark Dutiaume, Canadian ice hockey player

1978 - Ray Shah, Irish DJ, TV, Radio presenter

1980 - Tiffany Limos, American actress

1981 - Justin Timberlake, American singer

1982 - Andreas Görlitz, German footballer

1982 - Brad Thompson, American baseball player

1982 - Bruno Nogueira, Portuguese actor, comedian and TV host

1982 - Elena Paparizou, Greek singer

1982 - Jānis Sprukts, Latvian ice hockey player

1999 - Lily Mo Sheen, British actress

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743 - Muhammad al-Baqir, Shia Imam (b. 676)

1398 - Emperor Suko of Japan (b. 1334)

1435 - Xuande, Emperor of China (b. 1398)

1561 - Bairam Khan, Great Mughal General, regent for Akbar

1561 - Menno Simons, Dutch Mennonite leader (b. 1496)

1580 - Henry of Portugal (b. 1512)

1606 - Gunpowder Plot conspirators:

Guy Fawkes (b. 1570)

Ambrose Rokewood (c. 1578)

Thomas Wintour (b. 1571)

1615 - Claudio Aquaviva, Italian Jesuit (b. 1543)

1632 - Joost Bürgi, Swiss clockmaker and mathematician (b. 1552)

1665 - Johannes Clauberg, German theologian and philosopher (b. 1622)

1686 - Jean Mairet, French dramatist (b. 1604)

1720 - Thomas Grey, 2nd Earl of Stamford, English privy councilor (c. 1654)

1729 - Jakob Roggeveen, Dutch explorer (b. 1659)

1736 - Filippo Juvara, Italian architect (b. 1678)

1788 - Charles Edward Stuart, pretender to the British throne (b. 1720)

1790 - Thomas Lewis, Irish-born Virginia settler (b. 1718)

1794 - Marriott Arbuthnot, British admiral (b. 1711)

1815 - José Félix Ribas, Venezuelan independentist leader (b. 1775)

1844 - Henri Gratien, Comte Bertrand, French general (b. 1773)

1851 - David Spangler Kaufman, American politician (b. 1813)

1888 - John Bosco, Italian priest, youth worker, educator, founder of the Salesian Society (b. 1815)

1892 - Charles Spurgeon, English preacher and evangelist (b. 1834)

1907 - Timothy Eaton, Canadian department store founder (b. 1834)

1923 - Eligiusz Niewiadomski, assassin of Gabriel Narutowicz (b. 1869)

1933 - John Galsworthy, English writer, Nobel Prize Laureate (b. 1867)

1944 - Jean Giraudoux, French writer (b. 1882)

1945 - Eddie Slovik, American soldier (b. 1920)

1955 - John Mott, American YMCA leader, Nobel Prize Laureate (b. 1865)

1956 - A. A. Milne, English author (b. 1882)

1967 - Eddie Tolan, American athlete (b. 1908)

1970 - Slim Harpo, American singer (b. 1924)

1973 - Ragnar Anton Kittil Frisch, Norwegian economist, Nobel Prize Laureate (b. 1895)

1974 - Samuel Goldwyn, Polish-born film studio executive (b. 1882)

1976 - Ernesto Miranda, American litigant (b. 1941)

1981 - Cozy Cole, American jazz drummer (b. 1909)

1990 - Rashad Khalifa, Egyptian-born imam (stabbed) (b. 1935)

1992 - Willie Dixon, American musician (b. 1915)

1995 - George Abbott, American stage director and producer (b. 1887)

1997 - John Joseph Scanlan, Irish Catholic prelate (b. 1930)

1999 - Norm Zauchin, American baseball player (b. 1929)

2000 - Gil Kane, Latvian-born comic book writer (b. 1926)

2001 - Gordon R. Dickson, Canadian writer (b. 1923)

2004 - Eleanor Holm, American swimmer (b. 1913)

2006 - Moira Shearer, Scottish actress (The Red Shoes) and ballerina (b. 1926)

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Catholicism - Feast day of St. John Bosco, patron saint of educators, circus artists and magicians.

Saint Pedro Nolasco

Saint Marcella

Saint Geminianus

Blessed Ludovica