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The Indian space program has been set up by the government of India for the advancement of space science and technology and its application in assisting in all-round development of the nation. The program involves developing satellites (mainly communication, remote sensing, meteorological) and launch capability for placing them in orbit (now polar and geostationary). The principal agency conducting the space program is the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO), under the aegis of the Department of Space, Government of India.
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Objectives
develop technologies, building satellites, launch vehicles, ground systems
use of space technologies to aid development: resource management, education, communication
Recent thrust in Communications applications
Commercial space operations: Antrix Corporation.
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History
Precursor: Indian National Committee for Space Research (INCOSPAR)
Setting up of the Space Commission and Department of Space(DoS), 1972
Existing establishments brought under DoS. (ISRO, ...)
The aims set out for the program.
India's first satellite, the Aryabhata placed in Orbit in 1975 by the Soviet Cosmos-3M launch vehicle.
India's first Satellite Launch Vehicle was the SLV-3, successfully launched in 1980 after a failed attempt in 1979.
Second generation satellites
Other significant operational milestones
Lunar Mission Planned: Chandrayan Astrosat
Dr. Abdul Kalam, the current President of India served in ISRO, notably as the Project Director of the India's first indigenous Satellite Launch Vehicle (SLV-3).
Cooperation with other countries: technology transfer, training, use of facilities, commercial links, satellite launches
Relation with defence research, technology transfer denials.
Place amongst global space programs.
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Present
Budgetary Allocation for the Department of Space was Rs. 2267 crore (Rs. 22.67 Billion ) for the Financial year 2003-04 *.
Employment statistics: ISRO employs approximately 17000 people*
Dr. Manmohan Singh, Prime Minister of India holds charge of DoS.
Mr G Madhavan Nair is Chairman, Indian Space Research Organisation; Chairman, Space Commission; Secretary, Department of Space
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Missions
Indian National Satellite System (INSAT) is a series of multipurpose Geo-Stationary satellites launched to satisfy the telecommunications, broadcasting, meteorology, search and rescue needs of India. Commissioned in 1983, INSAT is the largest domestic communication system in the Asia-Pacific Region.
Indian Remote Sensing satellites (IRS) are a series of Earth Observation satellites providing remote sensing services, mainly for use in natural resource management and economic planning. The first was launched in 1988.*
Commercial use of IRS-1C/D
The future versions are named based on their area of application including OceanSat, CartoSat, ResourceSat.
Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV)is an expendable launch system developed to allow India to launch its Indian Remote Sensing (IRS) satellites into sun synchronous orbits, a service that was, until the advent of the PSLV, commercially viable only through India's Cold War ally, Russia. PSLV can also launch small size satellites into Geo Transfer Orbits.
Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle (GSLV) was developed to launch satellites into geostationary orbit. It is a three-stage launch vehicle with the solid propelled first stage, liquid propelled second and cryogenic final stage.
India's quest for the Cryogenic Engine.
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Planned Missions
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Establishments
Launch Facilities: VSSC, SDSC and Balasore Rocket Launching Station.
Satellites are designed and built at the ISRO Satellite Center (ISAC) in Bangalore, and sensors, payloads designed and built at
ISRO Satellite Application Center (SAC) in Ahmedabad.
Liquid propulsion modules, including cryogenic engines, are developed at the Liquid Propulsion Systems Center near Tiruvananthapuram.
the INSAT Master Control Facility for satellite station keeping ("Mission Control") is in Hassan
role of National Remote Sensing Agency (NRSA)
role of Development and Educational Communication Unit (DECU)
ISRO Telemetry, Tracking and Command Network (ISTRAC), ISRO Inertial Systems Unit (IISU), Regional Remote Sensing Service Centres (RRSSC), National Mesosphere/Stratosphere Troposphere Radar Facility (NMRF).
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People
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