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The international standard ISO 9 establishes a system for the transliteration into Latin characters of Cyrillic characters constituting the alphabets of Slavic and non-Slavic languages. The major advantage ISO 9 has over other competing systems is its univocal system of one character for one character equivalents (by the use of diacritics), which faithfully represents the original and allows for reverse transliteration, even if the language is unknown. Earlier versions of the standard, ISO/R 9:1954, ISO/R 9:1968, and ISO 9:1986 were originally based on the international scholarly system for linguistics (scientific transliteration), but have diverged in favour of unambiguous transliteration over phonetic representation.
1995 edition This edition cancels and replaces the edition ISO 9:1986. Table shows characters for Abkhaz, Altay, Belarusian, Bulgarian, Buryat, Chuvash, Karachay-Balkar, Macedonian, Moldavian, Russian, Rusyn, Serbian, Udmurt, Ukrainian, and all Caucasian languages using páločka. Example Here is an example transliteration using this system. The text in Cyrillic is an extract from the hymn of the Russian Federation: ISO/R 9:1968 This is an older version of the standard, with different transliteration for different Slavic languages, reflecting their phonemic differences. It is closer to the original international system of scientific transliteration. In the table below, OCS=Old Church Slavonic, and the same transliteration is used for Old East Slavic language. CS=Church Slavonic. ISO 9:1995 is shown in the last column for comparison. CS and OCS: Cyrillic я is written as iotified a, a ligature of dotless I and А, which is considered a variation of я in Unicode Cyrillic у is written as uk (), a ligature of О and У Bulgarian: ъ and ѫ are not transliterated at the end of a word. Russian and Belarusian: ъ is not transliterated at the end of a word. Rusyn: ы = y for Pannonian Rusyn language (Novi Sad, Vojvodina, Serbia), ы=ŷ for Lemko Rusyn (Poland, Ukraine, and Prešov, Slovakia). National adoptions The verbatim translated text of the ISO 9 is adopted as an inter-state standard in the countries listed below (the national designation is shown in parentheses). Notes See also | ||||||||
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