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is a fictional monster featured in Japanese films and has become the world over one of the most recognized movie characters of all time. He was first seen in the 1954 film Gojira, produced by Toho Film Company Ltd. To date, Toho has produced 28 Godzilla films. In 1998, TriStar Pictures produced a remake, set in New York City. Godzilla is seen by some as the personification of the horror of nuclear weapons. According to the legend of the cinematic behemoth, he was created by a nuclear blast. His sheer size, power and destruction evoke the fury of the atomic bombs dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki. As the Godzilla series continued, the great beast was developed as a character, and has become something of an anti-hero. Godzilla is one of the defining aspects of Japanese popular culture for many people worldwide. Though his popularity has waned slightly over the years, he is still one of the most renowned monsters in the world. To this day, Godzilla remains an important facet of Japanese films, embodying the kaiju or "giant monster" subset of the tokusatsu genre. Godzilla's appearance has changed between films over the years, but many defining details have endured. In the Japanese films, Godzilla is depicted as a gigantic dinosaur with rough, bumpy, (usually) charcoal grey scales, a powerful tail, and bone colored dorsal fins shaped like maple leaves. His origins vary somewhat from film to film, but he is almost always described as a prehistoric creature, and his first attacks on Japan are linked to the beginning of the Atomic Age. In particular, mutation due to atomic radiation—fury unleashed from man splitting the atom—is presented as an explanation for his great size and strange powers. Godzilla's iconic design is composed of a mixture of various species of dinosaurs; specifically, he has the body and overall shape of a Tyrannosaurus, the long arms of an Iguanodon, and the dorsal fins of a Stegosaurus. Godzilla remains an enduring fictional character beloved by fans worldwide, and is among the few fictional characters granted a Lifetime Achievement Award when he was awarded one by MTV in 1996, becoming the second fictional character (and the first to be completely non-human in nature) to receive it. "Godzilla, King of the Monsters" was honored on its 50th anniversary by having a plaque placed at the site of the former studio where Raymond Burr filmed his scenes, now an elementary school in March 2006. The plaque was sponsored by the Godzilla Society of North America, Platrix Chapter No. 2, E Clampus Vitus and the Los Angeles Unified School District. The location is at Belmont Elementary School, 100 N. New Hampshire, Los Angeles, CA. Original concept For many, the name "Godzilla" is associated with low-budget special effects, men in rubber suits, bad dubbing (by studios not taking the source material seriously enough), and monster fights. This stereotype, based on heavily re-edited American releases, and the less serious entries in the series (the 70's in particular), dilute and even ignore the message behind the original film. The original Godzilla film was meant as an allegorical criticism of the use of nuclear warfare at the end of World War II. Ishiro Honda's witnessing of the devastation of Hiroshima and Nagasaki was the primary inspiration for the anti-nuclear message behind the original Godzilla film. * The original film was not widely seen in the US in its Japanese form until 2004, when Rialto Pictures distributed it to art theaters in an uncut, undubbed, uncensored, English-subtitled presentation. Before this, the only domestically licensed version of the film available to Americans was the edited 1956 adaptation, Godzilla, King of the Monsters!. In this version, most of the key anti-nuclear messages had been softened or removed. The original Japanese film referred to a 1954 incident concerning the Japanese fisherboat "Fukuryu Maru" (Lucky Dragon): "…in March 1954, the United States exploded a fifteen-megaton H-bomb that unexpectedly sent substantial fallout across a seven-thousand-square-mile area. Twenty-eight military personnel and 239 Marshall Islanders at a presumably 'safe' distance were exposed to high radiation. The United States attempted to downplay the incident until it was discovered that a Japanese tuna boat, the Fukuryû Maru or 'Lucky Dragon,' had also been hit by fallout. The entire crew developed radiation sickness, and one member soon died." Name The name "Godzilla" is said to be a combination of two Japanese words: gorira (ゴリラ) 'gorilla' and kujira (鯨, くじら) 'whale'. The word alludes to the size, power and aquatic origin of Godzilla. A popular story is that "Gojira", or "Gorilla-Whale," was actually the nickname of a hulking stagehand at Toho Studio. The story has not been verified, however, because in the more than 50 years since the film's original release, no one claiming to be the employee has ever stepped forward, and no photographs of him have ever surfaced. Since Gojira was neither a gorilla nor a whale, the name "Gojira" had to be devised in a different way for the film's story; Gojira's name was originally spelled in kanji (呉爾羅) by the Oto Island people—however, Toho chose these characters for sound only; The combined characters, oddly enough, mean "give you net". This has been referenced countless times in Japanese books on Godzilla. There are arguments as to exactly how the creatures name is pronounced. Purists tend to say that the Japanese Kana (ゴジラ), pronounced "Go-Jee-Rah" (with each syllable evenly stressed), is correct while others state that the Americanized name "God-ZIL-la" is closer to the original pronunciation. The reality is a combination of both. The first Kana symbol (ゴ) is pronounced "Go". Modern Japanese pronounces the second Kana (ジ) "JEE", but back in the 1950's when Godzilla was created—and Japanese-to-English transliteration was less sophisticated—it is likely that the Kana was misinterpreted as being pronounced "DZEE", a "ZEE" sound with a touch of a "D" at the beginning. The third Kana (ラ) is pronounced "rah", starting with an "R" sound with just a hint of an "L", similar to the slight tongue flap used in the Spanish "R" sound, followed by an "ah". This would make the original mistranslated pronunciation "Go-DZEE-rah". Nevertheless, the correct pronunciation is Gojira (ゴジラ), as it was originally meant as the monster's name and has retained the exact writing form from era to era. The pronunciation of cast members varies in accent, thus making the name sound a bit different from different actors. Contrary to popular belief, the name "Godzilla" is not the idea of the American distributor. Before they sold the film to US distributors, Toho's international division had originally marketed an English-subtitled print under the title of Godzilla, King of the Monsters, which was shown briefly in Japanese-American theaters. Toho came up with "Godzilla" as a crude English transliteration of the name "Gojira." Incarnations There have been eight different incarnations of Godzilla over the course of the character's existence—thirteen if the three different Zillas (the one from GODZILLA, released by Tristar in 1998, the one from Godzilla: Final Wars, released by Toho in 2004, and the one from Godzilla: The Series), Hanna Barbara Godzilla, and Marvel Godzilla are taken into account as well. Since the movies created by Toho are what is regarded as canon, the eight incarnations of the cinematic Godzilla will be presented here. 1954 film
Shōwa series (1956–1975)
VS or Heisei series (1984-1995)
Millennium series (1999–2004) The Millennium series is unique because rather than creating a single continuity that all the films would follow, the series would instead be compromised by a number of discrete narratives, each using only the original Godzilla film as a backdrop. It is often called the "Shinsei" (新生) series by Western fans (meaning "rebirth") however the name is not recognized by Toho. Godzilla 2000: Millennium As a direct sequel of the original movie, the Godzilla, 55 meters tall and 25,000 metric tons, depicted in Godzilla 2000: Millennium is not related to any other Godzilla flims seen previously, or to those to come. It is unclear whether this Godzilla is the same as the original, but what is known is that he has been attacking and feeding off of Japan’s energy plants for some time. An alien UFO obtains some of Godzilla’s DNA in order to adapt to Earth’s atmosphere and becomes the monster Orga. The two monsters battle and Godzilla prevails by destroying his foe as it attempts to swallow him whole. Godzilla vs. Megaguirus Though Godzilla looks the same in this film as he did in Godzilla 2000: Millennium, this movie takes place in a seperate continuity from the previous film. The Godzilla in Godzilla vs. Megaguirus attacked Tokyo in 1954, the Tokaimura Power Plant in 1966, and Osaka in 1996. In 2000, Godzilla would be the first to encounter the Meganura threat. However, shortly after this, Godzilla would be lured to Kiganjima Island where he would fall victim to a top secret weapon, the Dimension Tide. The attack would be interrupted by the Meganura allowing Godzilla to battle their queen, Megaguirus in battle. After Godzilla's victory he would fall victim once again to the Dimension Tide and be buried deep underneath the city. Shortly after the credits, however, the main character (a child) goes to the window and hears Godzilla's famed roar. Godzilla, Mothra and King Ghidorah: Giant Monsters All-Out Attack
Godzilla Mothra Mechagodzilla: Tokyo S.O.S. For the first time in the Millennium Series, a specific Godzilla would appear in a series of two movies, Godzilla Against Mechagodzilla and . As predicted at the end of the original film, a second Godzilla emerges in the middle of a typhoon in 2002 but would be driven away. In his attack on Tokyo, he was temporarily defeated by the new Mechagodzilla, Kiryu. Godzilla reappeared in 2003 where it would take the combined efforts of Kiryu, Mothra and her larva to bring him down. Godzilla: Final Wars The Godzilla from is the last Godzilla as of 2004; Toho has decided to retire the franchise for a period of 5-10 years to renew interest in the future. The origins of this Godzilla are left (perhaps intentionally) ambiguous, though through lack of any other explanation it seems this Godzilla was the same from 1954, despite being significantly larger, and had the same actions of all previous incarnations of Godzilla. Decades before the main story starts, Godzilla was buried in ice at the South Pole by the Earth Defense Force’s aerial battle ship Gotengo. When the Xilians, an alien race, used many of the earth own monsters in attempts to conquer it, the EDF would have to be forced to free Godzilla from the ice to fight for mankind. This Godzilla was lured towards the Xilians' mothership in Tokyo while he fought the Xilians' monsters along the way, defeating/destroying each one in his path including Gigan, Zilla, Kumonga, Kamacuras, Rodan, King Caesar, Anguirus, Ebirah and Hedorah. He at last arrived in Tokyo just in time for an asteroid to enter Earth's atmosphere. Godzilla attempted to stop it by exhaling his atomic breath on it, causing it to explode and releasing the real threat, Monster X. Mothra came to attack Gigan while the Xilians summoned the revived and rebuilt Gigan. Mothra was quickly dispatched by Gigan, who then joined Monster X to double team Godzilla. Mothra recovers and attacks both Monster X and Gigan, turning the tide of battle. Gigan resumes his battle with Mothra, and both Kaiju are destroyed in a Kamikaze attack by the lepidopteran deity, while Monster X transformed into a new form, Kaiser Ghidorah. He nearly would have killed Godzilla if it weren't for the superhuman Ozaki transferring his mutant powers into Godzilla, restoring his strength and empowering him enough to destroy Keizer Ghidorah. Turning his attention back on his old enemies, Godzilla shot down the Gotengo and was prepared to finish its crew off if Godzilla's infant son, Minilla, had not intervened, pleading Godzilla to stop. Tired from his past battles, Godzilla returns to the ocean with his son. Powers and abilities Over the years Godzilla has possessed many powers and abilities to use against his foes. Godzilla is generally considered to be one of the most powerful kaiju in the series. Atomic Breath Godzilla's strongest weapon is his distinctive Atomic Breath. Godzilla's dorsal fins glow ominously, and then he lets loose with a concentrated blast of radiation from his mouth. Godzilla has been shown apparently being able to adjust the intensity of his ray, varying from a wispy flame (such as in the 50s and 60s), to a beam with explosive and kinetic properties, (in the 70s and onward.) The beam is usually portrayed as being neon blue, though in some films it is reddish orange (in the Heisei era most often to signify an increased level of power). In Godzilla vs. Megaguirus the beam was shown to have incredible incendiary properties and was powerful enough to destroy a miniature black hole, while in Godzilla: Final Wars, it posessed incredible range, amazing power and pin-point accuracy, able to hit a target in outer space and kill most Kaiju with a single shot. In a memorable scene in Godzilla versus the Smog Monster, Godzilla even used his atomic breath to fly by aiming it at the ground and lifting off like a rocket. A variation on his standard Atomic Breath in the Heisei series was that Godzilla gained a terrifying red "Spiral Beam" as a result of absorbing the essence of Rodan. This beam was so powerful that only a few blasts of it was sufficient to completely destroy Mechagodzilla II and SpaceGodzilla. The spiral beam returned in Final Wars, where it was strong enough to push Kaiser Ghidorah into the upper atmosphere and then utterly destroy him in a massive explosion visible from space. Nuclear pulse and magnetic powers In addition to his deadly atomic breath, Godzilla can also emit thermonuclear energy in all directions from every inch of his skin in a short pulse, capable of stunning any enemy in his proximity. Godzilla only used the nuclear pulse in the heisei series. It's normaly caused by an atomic breath attack that is unable to leave the mouth. In the movie Godzilla vs. Mechagodzilla, after being struck several times by lightning, Godzilla found a way to generate powerful magnetic fields from his body, which proved devastating against his metallic foe. Using a similar power, Godzilla discharged energy up the shock anchor cables and into the heisei Mechagodzilla, overheating the robot monster's circuitry. Durability Godzilla has displayed an uncanny ability to sustain damage over the years. Right from the get-go, Godzilla displayed an immunity to conventional weaponry, effortlessly shrugging off everything the JSDF threw at him. His skin is so tough that it can withstand molten lava. The only times he has visibly bled were in battle with the Shōwa Gigan, Biollante, Destoroyah, and from Mechagodzilla's weapons in both the Shōwa and Heisei series. Similar to certain lizards and salamanders, Godzilla possesses an extremely advanced and highly efficient regenerative ability. (This power was a crucial plot point of Godzilla 2000: Millennium and Godzilla vs Biollante). In Godzilla 2000, it is explained that Godzilla's regenerative abilities may have something to do with his radioactive properties, and "Regenerator G1" (Organizer G1 in the original japanese, used as a root for the name of the monster Orga) is the name given to his healing power. Godzilla's skin is tough enough on its own to withstand most types of damage, and even when an attack breaks his hide, thanks to his advanced regeneration his wounds heal almost instantly. These factors taken together make Godzilla practically invincible. The y shaped (Organizer G-1) cells seen in this picture repairs damaged cells. Physical abilities Godzilla has displayed varied levels of physical strength. He is shown using martial arts in a comical fashion during the Shōwa Series, or moving very quickly in spite of his size, (such as in Zone Fighter). In the millennium series he has also been able to leap high into the air (in Godzilla vs. Megaguirus and Godzilla: Final Wars). Godzilla's long tail is also a formidable weapon. It has been shown to be very flexible and powerful, able to lash out quickly and topple over buildings and enemy monsters. In Godzilla versus Megalon, he was even able to slide on his tail a great distance to deliver a devastating kick, and in Godzilla vesus Megaguirus it was revealed to be prehensile as well. In all his incarnations he has been shown to have powerful jaws and claws, although these are more prominent in some incarnations than in others. However, many of the films show Godzilla preferring to battle his opponents from long range; either by using his atomic breath, or by hurling foreign objects such as boulders. Amphibiousness Like any amphibious creature, Godzilla spends most his life in the water, occasionally emerging from the sea to wreak havoc or save the day. He is as adept a fighter underwater as he is on land. Capable of marching on the sea floor or swimming by undulating his tail like a crocodile, Godzilla is displayed as being able to breathe underwater (often hibernating in the ocean depths between movies), and being submerged apparently does not impend his ability to fire his atomic breath. He engages opponents in the sea on multiple occasions, fighting Ebirah, Battra and King Ghidorah beneath the waves. Weaknesses Despite his incredible strength, Godzilla has displayed a few weaknesses over the years. Early in the Showa series, he was vulnerable to electricity, though this weakness was apparently dropped. —indeed, later films in the Showa series would portray Godzilla as being immune to electricity, or even drawing power from it. In The Return of Godzilla, Godzilla was shown to be vulnerable to Cadmium. Anti-nuclear bacteria has had an effect on him, though Godzilla's immune system was eventually able to overcome it. Later on, Godzilla is revealed to have a second brain in his spine, and Mechagodzilla was able to temporarily kill him by destroying it; however, he was revived by Rodan and further films seem to ignore this achilles heel. It was also suggested in Godzilla vs. SpaceGodzilla that Godzilla has a soft spot under each armpit, however the validity of this claim was highly dubious and was never exploited. To date, the only weapon ever shown to be truly effective against Godzilla was Dr. Serizawa's Oxygen Destroyer, which was able to kill the original Godzilla, overcoming his regeneration by dissolving him down to the bone and then into nothing. However, the technology for this weapon was lost forever when Dr. Serizawa died along with the original Godzilla. Roar Godzilla's trademark roar originally began as a low, groaning bellow, created when the series' famous composer, Akira Ifukube, rubbed a resin coated glove on a contrabass and resonated the sound, but has since developed into a highpitched shriek. Stomp Akira Ifukube also developed Godzilla's original stomping sound. By using a drum & some other material. 1998 American film
Animated series Godzilla made his American series debut in the 1978 Hanna-Barbera Saturday morning show The Godzilla Power Hour. Godzilla cartoons were paired with cartoons featuring Jana of the Jungle. The series ran, both as part of the hour and with the Godzilla segments airing as a separate half-hour show, until 1981. The second cartoon series, which aired on Fox Kids, was based off the events of the 1998 American movie. featured an offspring of the movie Godzilla which had grown to full size. In a similar fashion to earlier animated works, Godzilla traveled around the world with a group of humans, including scientist Nick Tatopoulos, battling monsters. As a result of its parent, this Godzilla had all the abilities of the original and a few more besides. While the film version never actually breathed fire, the cartoon version had the ability to breath a green atomic flame similar to the original. See Also Footnotes Official Information | |||||||||||||||||
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