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The Emerald or E class was a class of two light cruisers built for the Royal Navy. Following the Cavendish Class, Three ships of new class were ordered towards the end of World War I designed to emphasise high speed at the cost of other qualities, for use against rumoured new high speed German cruisers, and particularly minelayers, in the North Sea. The E class were based on the preceding ''Danae'' class, but had a very high ratio of length to beam, and only one more gun despite being much bigger and more expensive. Much was sacrificed to achieve 33 knots, the horsepower was doubled and the hull increased by 100 ft in length, and a 50% increase in displacement. Only 2 ships were actually built, and completed in 1926. Four propellers were necessary for the increased power, and were driven from two engine rooms. There were four boiler rooms, nos. 2 and 3 being arranged side-by-side with the exhausts trunked into a common funnel. The magazines were between boiler rooms nos. 2 and 3 and the forwrad engine room, and between boiler room no. 4 and the after engine room. This led to a bizarre funnel arrangement, accentuated further when in 1935 a longer catapult required the mainmast to be stepped forward of the after funnel, and the funnels were heightened by 5 ft. In the early 1930s Enterprise was fitted with a prototype twin 6" turret in place of her two forward single mounts; this was the turret later installed in the Leander, Amphion and Arethusa Classes. The turret installation occupied less space than the superimposed 'A' and 'B' guns of Emerald, therefore the bridge was placed further forward. The bridge was of a new design, being a single block topped by a director tower, rather than the traditional platforms built around the foremast and wheelhouse topped with a spotting top. This design of bridge would appear in the County class cruisers. Nothwithstanding their age and outlandish appearance these two ships were still the fastest cruisers in the Royal Navy at the outbreak of World War II, Emerald exceeding 32 knots in a full-power trial at full load in 1939. Like the Cavendish class, they were mainly employed on the ocean trade routes, also seeing fleet service in the Far East.
Modifications In the mid-1930s both ships were fitted with a catapult which replaced the out-moded flying-off platform and had HACS Mk.I added for the 4 in guns, which was fitted amidships between the searchlight platform and the after funnel. The funnels were raised 5 ft at this time. Later proposals to increase the AA outfit by the addition of twin 4 in and multiple 2 pdrs were thwarted by the outbreak of war. Emerald had received two quadruple .5 Machine Guns before the war, then during refit between August 1942 and April 1943 she landed the after 6 in, two 2 pdr singles and the .5 Machine Guns to receive instead six power-operated twin 20 mm, two quadruple 2 pdr and radars Type 273 (centimetric target indication), 281 (air warning), 282 (pom-pom ranging) and 285 (HACS ranging). In April 1944 six 20 mm singles were added and the catapult was removed. Enterprise landed two 6 in singles in 1941 and had one quadruple 2 pdr fitted. She later had four single 20 mm fitted and then, in the course of a long refit between the end of December 1942 and October 1943, she lost the single 2 pdr and 20 mm weapons, receiving six twin power-operated mountings in lieu. The two 6 in were reinstated and a second quadruple 2 pdr fitted. She was fitted with radars Type 272 (centimetric target indication), 281, 282, 284 (6 inch gun ranging), and 285. In February she had an additional four single 20 mm fitted and the catapult was removed. | ||||||||
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