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Dutch Standard reference values for environmental investigation, clean up and remediation.
The reference values for soil are adjusted for the organic matter (humus) content and soil fraction < 0.2 µm (lutum). The values below are calculated for a 'Standard Soil' with 10% organic matter and 25% lutum.
The reference values for groundwater depend on the depth of the sample, the values below are for 'shallow' groundwater, 0 - 10 m depth.
| Parameter | Soil (mg/kg dry matter) | Groundwater (µg/l) |
| | reference value | intervention value | reference value | intervention value |
| I metals | | | | |
| cadmium (Cd) | 0.8 | 12 | 0.4 | 6 |
| chromium (Cr) | 100.0 | 380 | 1 | 30 |
| copper (Cu) | 36.0 | 190 | 15 | 75 |
| nickel (Ni) | 35.0 | 210 | 15 | 75 |
| lead (Pb) | 85.0 | 530 | 15 | 75 |
| zinc (Zn) | 140 | 720 | 65 | 800 |
| mercury (Hg) | 0.3 | 10.0 | 0.05 | 0.3 |
| arsenic (As) | 29.0 | 55.0 | 10 | 60 |
| barium (Ba) | 160 | 625 | 50 | 625 |
| cobalt (Co) | 9.0 | 240 | 20 | 100 |
| molybdenum (Mo) | 3.0 | 200 | 5 | 300 |
| antimony (Sb) | 3.0 | 15 | 0.15 | 10 |
| beryllium (Be) | 1.1 | 30 | 0.05 | 15 |
| silver (Ag) | - | 15 | - | 40 |
| selenium (Se) | 0.7 | 100 | 0.07 | 160 |
| tellurium (Te) | - | 600 | - | 70 |
| thallium (Th) | 1.0 | 15 | 2 | 7 |
| tin (Sn) | - | 900 | 2.2 | 50 |
| vanadium (V) | 42.0 | 250 | 1.2 | 70 |
| | | | | |
| II inorganic compounds | | | | |
| cyanides - free | 1 | 20 | 5 | 1500 |
| cyanides - complex (pH < 5) | 5 | 650 | 10 | 1500 |
| cyanides - complex (pH >= 5) | 5 | 50 | 10 | 1500 |
| thiocyanates | 1 | 20 | - | 1500 |
| bromide | 20 | - | 300 | - |
| chloride | - | - | 100000 | - |
| fluoride | 500 | - | 500 | - |
| | | | | |
| III (volatile) aromatic compounds | | | | |
| benzene | 0.01 | 1 | 0.20 | 30 |
| toluene | 0.01 | 130 | 7.00 | 1000 |
| ethyl benzene | 0.03 | 50 | 4.00 | 150 |
| xylene | 0.1 | 25 | 0.20 | 70 |
| phenol | 0.05 | 40 | 0.2 | 2000 |
| cresols | 0.05 | 5 | 0.2 | 200 |
| catechol | 0.05 | 20 | 0.2 | 1250 |
| resorcinol | 0.05 | 10 | 0.2 | 600 |
| hydroquinone | 0.05 | 10 | 0.2 | 800 |
| dodecylbenzene | - | 1000 | - | 0.02 |
| styrene (vinylbenzene) | 0.3 | 100 | 6 | 300 |
| | | | | |
| IV polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) | | | | |
| PAH (sum of 10) | 1 | 40 | - | - |
| naphthalene | - | - | 0.01 | 70 |
| phenanthrene | - | - | 0.003 | 5 |
| anthracene | - | - | 0.0007 | 5 |
| fluoranthene | - | - | 0.003 | 1 |
| benzo(a)anthracene | - | - | 0.0001 | 0.5 |
| chrysene | - | - | 0.003 | 0.2 |
| benzo(k)fluoroanthene | - | - | 0.0004 | 0.05 |
| benzo(a)pyrene | - | - | 0.0005 | 0.05 |
| benzo(ghi)perylene | - | - | 0.0003 | 0.05 |
| indeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene | - | - | 0.0004 | 0.05 |
| | | | | |
| V chlorinated hydrocarbons | | | | |
| dichloromethane | 0.4 | 10 | 0.01 | 1000 |
| trichloromethane | 0.02 | 10 | 6 | 400 |
| carbon tetrachloride | 0.4 | 1 | 0.01 | 10 |
| trichloroethylene | 0.1 | 60 | 24 | 500 |
| tetrachloroethylene | 0.002 | 4 | 0.01 | 40 |
| 1,1-dichloroethane | 0.02 | 15 | 7 | 900 |
| 1,2-dichloroethane | 0.02 | 4 | 7 | 400 |
| 1,2-dichloroethene (cis. trans) | 0.2 | 1 | 0.01 | 20 |
| 1,1-dichloroethene | 0.1 | 0.3 | 0.01 | 10 |
| vinyl chloride | 0.01 | 0.1 | 0.01 | 5 |
| 1,1,1-trichloroethane | 0.07 | 15 | 0.01 | 300 |
| 1,1,2-trichloroethane | 0.4 | 10 | 0.01 | 130 |
| chlorobenzene (sum) | 0.03 | 30 | - | - |
| monochlorobenzene | - | - | 7 | 180 |
| dichlorobenzenes (sum) | - | - | 3 | 50 |
| trichlorobenzenes (sum) | - | - | 0.01 | 10 |
| tetrachlorobenzenes (sum) | - | - | 0.01 | 2.5 |
| pentachlorobenzene | - | - | 0.003 | 1 |
| hexachlorobenzene | - | - | 0.00009 | 0.5 |
| chlorophenols (sum) | 0.01 | 10 | - | - |
| monochlorophenols (sum) | - | - | 0.3 | 100 |
| dichlorophenols (sum) | - | - | 0.2 | 30 |
| trichlorophenols (sum) | - | - | 0.03 | 10 |
| tetrachlorphenols (sum) | 0.01 | 10 | | |
| pentachlorophenol | - | - | 0.04 | 3 |
| chloronaphthalene | - | - | - | 6 |
| polychlorobiphenyl (sum) | 0.02 | 1 | 0.01 | 0.01 |
| EOX | 0.3 | - | - | - |
| dioxin | - | 0.001 | - | 0.001ng/l |
| monochloraniline | 0.005 | 50 | - | 30 |
| dichloroaniline | 0.005 | 50 | - | 100 |
| trichloroaniline | - | 10 | - | 10 |
| tetrachloroaniline | - | 30 | - | 10 |
| pentachloroaniline | - | 10 | - | 1 |
| 4-chloromethylphenols | - | 15 | - | 350 |
| dichloropropanes | 0.002 | 2 | 0.8 | 80 |
| | | | | |
| VI insecticides | | | |
| DDT/DDD/DDE | 0.01 | 4 | 0.004 ng/l | 0.01 |
| drins | 0.005 | 4 | - | 0.1 |
| aldrin | 0.00006 | - | 0.009 ng/l | - |
| dieldrin | 0.0005 | - | 0.1 ng/l | - |
| endrin | 0.00004 | - | 0.04 ng/l | - |
| HCH-compounds | - | 2 | 0.05 | 1 |
| α-HCH | 0.003 | - | 33 ng/l | - |
| β-HCH | 0.009 | - | 8 ng/l | - |
| γ-HCH | 0.00005 | - | 9 ng/l | - |
| carbaryl | - | 5 | 2 ng/l | 50 |
| carbofuran | - | 2 | 9 ng/l | 100 |
| maneb | - | 35 | 0.05 ng/l | 0.1 |
| atrazine | 0.0002 | 6 | 29 ng/l | 150 |
| chlordane | - | 4 | 0.02 ng/l | 0.2 |
| heptachlor | - | 4 | 0.005 ng/l | 0.3 |
| heptachlor-epoxide | - | 4 | 0.005 ng/l | 3 |
| endosulfan | - | 4 | 0.2 ng/l | 5 |
| organic tin compounds (sum) | - | 2.5 | 0.05-16 ng/l | 0.7 |
| azinphosmethyl | 0.000005 | 2 | 0.1 ng/l | 2 |
| MCPA | - | - | 0.02 | 50 |
| | | | | |
| VII Other contaminants | | | | |
| cyclohexanone | 0.1 | 45 | 0.5 | 15000 |
| ftalates (sum) | 0.1 | 60 | 0.5 | 5 |
| mineral oil | 50 | 5000 | 50 | 600 |
| pyridine | 0.1 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 30 |
| tetrahydrofuran | 0.1 | 2 | 0.5 | 300 |
| tetrahydrothiophene | 0.1 | 90 | 0.5 | 5000 |
| monoethylene glycol | - | 100 | - | 5500 |
| diethylene glycol | - | 270 | - | 13000 |
| acrylonitrile | 0.000007 | 0.1 | 0.08 | 5 |
| formaldehyde | - | 0.1 | - | 50 |
| methanol | - | 30 | - | 24000 |
| butanol | - | 30 | - | 5600 |
| 1,2 butylacetate | - | 200 | - | 6300 |
| methyl tertiary-butyl ether (MTBE) | - | 100 | - | 9200 |
| methyl ethyl ketone (MEK) | - | 35 | - | 6000 |
| tribromomethane | - | 75 | - | 630 |
| ethylacetate | - | 75 | - | 15000 |
| isopropanol | - | 220 | - | 31000 |
A case of environmental contamination is 'serious' if >25 m³ soil or >100 m³ groundwater is contaminated above the intervention value. |
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