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For the formal concept of computation, see computation. Originally, the word computing was synonymous with counting and calculating, and a science and technology that deals with the original sense of computing mathematical calculations. "Computing" has come to mean the operation and usage of computing machines, the electrical processes carried out within the computing hardware itself, and the theoretical concepts governing them (computer science). The following definition of computing is given in the ACM report Computing as a Discipline: The discipline of computing is the systematic study of algorithmic processes that describe and transform information: their theory, analysis, design, efficiency, implementation, and application. The fundamental question underlying all computing is 'What can be (efficiently) automated? In short, the concept of computing relates to human knowledge and activities which develop and use computer technologies. Science and theory Hardware See information processor for a high-level block diagram. Instruction-level taxonomies After the commoditization of memory, attention turned to optimizing CPU performance at the instruction level. Various methods of speeding up the fetch-execute cycle include: Computer software|Software History of computing Business computing Managed Service Provider, MSP Human factors Computer security Numeric data Character data Other data topics Mechatronics Classes of computers Companies - current Companies - historic Professional organizations Standards organizations and consortia See also: Standardization Miscellaneous | |||||||
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