The Canadian federal election of 1958 was the 24th general election in Canada's history. It was held to elect members of the 24th Parliament of the Canadian House of Commons on March 31, 1958, just nine months after the 23rd election. It transformed Prime Minister John Diefenbaker's minority into the largest ever majority government in Canadian history.

Diefenbaker had called a snap election and capitalized on two factors:

Nationally, the Liberals had just chosen a new leader, Lester Pearson, who had given an ill-advised speech in Commons that asked Diefenbaker to give power back to the Liberals without an election because of a recent economic downturn. Diefenbaker seized on the error by showing a classified Liberal document saying that the economy would face a downturn in that year. The contrasted heavily with the Liberal's 1957 campaign promises, and would make sure the "arrogant" label would remain attached to the Liberal party.

A turnaround in Quebec: Quebec had been largely Liberal since the Conscription Crisis of 1917, but upon the resignation of former Prime Minister Louis St. Laurent, the province had no favourite son leader, as they had since 1948, and were open to new options. Diefenbaker used Quebec Premier Maurice Duplessis's Union Nationale party machine, allowing Diefenbaker's Progressive Conservatives to sweep what had been a Liberal stronghold for a generation.