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A bottle is a small container with a neck that is narrower than the body and a "mouth." Bottles are often made of glass, plastic or aluminum, and typically used to store liquids. e.g. water, milk, soft drinks, beer, wine, cooking oil (for both cooking and as fuel), medicine, liquid soap, shampoo, ink, etc. For some bottles a deposit is paid, which is returned after returning the bottle to the retailer. For other glass bottles there is often separate garbage collection for recycling. A device used to close the mouth of a bottle is called a bottle cap (external), or stopper (internal). A bottle can also be sealed using induction sealing .
Use for wine Main article: Wine bottle The glass bottle was an important development in the history of wine, because, when combined with a high-quality stopper such as a cork, it allowed long-term aging of wine. Glass has all qualities required for long-term storage (see related article). It also eventually gave rise to "château bottling," the practice where an estate's wine is put in bottle at the source, rather than by a merchant. Prior to this, wine would be sold by the barrel (and before that, the amphora) and put into bottles only at the merchant's shop, if at all. This left a huge and often abused opportunity for fraud and adulteration, as the final consumer had to trust the merchant as to the contents of his or her glass. It is thought that most wine consumed outside of wine-producing regions had been tampered with in some way. Also, not all merchants were especially careful to avoid oxidation or contamination while bottling, leading to large bottle variation. Particularly in the case of port, certain conscientious merchants' bottling of old ports fetch higher prices even today. To avoid all these associated problems, most fine wine is bottled at the place of production (including all port, since 1974). There are many sizes and shapes of bottles used for wine. Some of the best known shapes: Codd-neck bottles
Plastic bottles Plastic soft drink bottles (two-liter, one-liter, etc) can withstand typical internal carbonation pressures of 2-4 bar (30 - 60 psi.), because the plastic is strain oriented in the stretch blow molding manufacturing process. Plastic bottles and other hollow plastic containers are manufactured using the blow molding process. One use of this property is the water rocket. Capsules Some jars and bottles have a metal cap or cover called a capsule. They were historically made of lead, and protected the cork from being gnawed away by rodents or infested with cork weevil. Because of research showing that trace amounts of lead could remain on the lip of the bottle, lead capsules were slowly phased out, and by the 1990s, most capsules were made of aluminum foil or plastic. See also | ||||||||||
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