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1509 - The Emperor Krishnadeva Raya is crowned, marking the beginning of the regeneration of the Vijayanagara Empire.

1576 - The cornerstone for Tycho Brahe's Uraniborg observatory is laid on Hven.

1585 - John Davis enters Cumberland Sound in quest for the Northwest Passage.

1588 - Anglo-Spanish War: Battle of Gravelines - The naval engagement ends, thus ending the Spanish Armada's attempt to invade England.

1605 - The city of Oulu, Finland, is founded by Charles IX of Sweden.

1647 - The Irish Confederate Wars and Wars of the Three Kingdoms: Battle of Dungans Hill - British Parliamentary forces defeat Irish forces.

1786 - Mont Blanc on the French- Italian border is climbed for the first time by Jacques Balmat and Dr Michel-Gabriel Paccard.

1794 - Joseph Whidbey and George Vancouver lead an expedition to search for the Northwest Passage near Juneau, Alaska.

1810 - Eminent Urdu poet Mirza Ghalib married Maaroof, daughter of Nawab Ilahi Baksh; and moved to Delhi.

1839 - Beta Theta Pi is founded in Oxford, Ohio.

1844 - The Quorum of the Twelve Apostles, headed by Brigham Young, is created as the leading body of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (the LDS or Mormon Church).

1863 - American Civil War: Following his defeat in the Battle of Gettysburg, General Robert E. Lee sends a letter of resignation to Confederate President Jefferson Davis (which is refused upon receipt).

1870 - The Republic of Ploieşti, a failed Radical-Liberal rising against Domnitor Carol of Romania.

1876 - Thomas Edison receives a patent for his mimeograph.

1908 - Wilbur Wright makes his first flight at a racecourse at Le Mans, France. It's the Wright Brothers' first public flight and the French public goes wild.

1911 - Public Law 62-5 sets the number of representatives in the United States House of Representatives at 435. The law would come into effect in 1913.

1918 - World War I: Battle of Amiens begins a string of almost continuous victories with a push through the German front lines.

1929 - The German airship Graf Zeppelin begins a round-the-world flight.

1930 - Betty Boop premieres in the animated film Dizzy Dishes.

1938 - The building of Mauthausen concentration camp begins.

1942 - World War II: In Washington, DC, six German would-be saboteurs are executed.

1942 - Quit India resolution was passed by the Bombay session of the AICC, which leads to the start of a civil disobedience movement across India

1945 - World War II - The Soviet Union declares war on Japan and invades Manchuria.

1945 - The United Nations Charter is ratified by the United States, which becomes the third nation to join.

1946 - First flight of the Convair B-36.

1947 - Pakistan's National Flag is approved.

1949 - Bhutan becomes independent

1962 - Elizabeth Ann Duncan becomes the last woman to be executed in the United States prior to the reintroduction of capital punishment in 1977.

1963 - Great Train Robbery: In England, a gang of 15 train robbers steal 2.6 million pounds in bank notes.

1966 - The Beatles landmark album revolver is released in the United States.

1967 - The Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) is founded.

1968 - Jurō Wada successfully performs Japan's first heart transplant.

1972 - Richard Nixon accepts the nomination as candidate for the presidency.

1973 - U.S. Vice President Spiro Agnew goes on television to denounce accusations he had taken kickbacks while governor of Maryland.

1973 - Kim Dae-Jung, a South Korean politician and later president of South Korea, is kidnapped.

1974 - Watergate scandal: U.S. President Richard Nixon announces his resignation, effective the next day.

1976 - Boston, by the rock band Boston is released. It will become the
1 best-selling debut album in history.

1986 - Altaf Hussain's address at Nishtar Park Karachi, announcement of establishing political movement MQM.

1988 - General Ne Win, ruler of Burma since 1962, suddenly resigns.

1988 - The lights are turned on at Wrigley Field for the first time, making it the last major league stadium to host night games

1989 - Space Shuttle program: STS-28 Mission - Space Shuttle Columbia takes off on a secret five-day military mission.

1991 - Collapse of Warsaw radio mast, the tallest construction ever built

1991 - John McCarthy, British Journalist held hostage in Lebanon for more than five years by Islamic Jihad, is released.

2000 - Confederate submarine H.L. Hunley is raised to the surface after 136 years on the ocean floor.

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1079 - Emperor Horikawa of Japan (d. 1107)

1605 - Cæcilius Calvert, 2nd Baron Baltimore, colonial Governor of Maryland (d. 1675)

1646 - Godfrey Kneller, German-born painter (d. 1723)

1673 - John Ker, Scottish spy (d. 1726)

1693 - Laurent Belissen, French composer (d. 1762)

1694 - Francis Hutcheson, Irish philosopher (d. 1746)

1720 - Carl Fredrik Pechlin, Swedish politician (d. 1796)

1814 - Esther Morris, first U. S. woman judge (d. 1902)

1839 - Nelson Miles, U.S. general (d. 1925)

1866 - Matthew Henson, Arctic explorer (d. 1955)

1875 - Artur da Silva Bernardes, President of Brazil (d. 1955)

1879 - Emiliano Zapata, Mexican revolutionary (d. 1919)

1880 - Earle Page, 11th Prime Minister of Australia (d. 1961)

1881 - Albert Kesselring, German field marshal (d. 1960)

1881 - Paul Ludwig Ewald von Kleist, German field marshal (d. 1954)

1884 - Sara Teasdale, American poet (d. 1933)

1891 - Adolf Busch, German violinist (d. 1952)

1892 - Rafael Moreno Aranzadi, Spanish footballer (d. 1922)

1896 - Marjorie Kinnan Rawlings, American author (d. 1953)

1901 - Ernest O. Lawrence, Nobel Prize Laureate (d. 1958)

1902 - Paul Dirac, Nobel Prize Laureate (d. 1984)

1904 - Achille Varzi, Italian racecar driver (d. 1948)

1905 - André Jolivet, French composer (d. 1974)

1907 - Benny Carter, American musician (d. 2003)

1908 - Arthur Goldberg, Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States (d. 1980)

1910 - Sylvia Sidney, American actress (d. 1999)

1911 - Rosetta LeNoire, American actress (d. 2002)

1915 - Jumbo Elliott, American track coach (d. 1981)

1919 - Dino De Laurentiis, Italian film producer

1920 - Leo Chiosso, Italian lyricist

1921 - William Asher, American film producer

1921 - John Herbert Chapman, British physicist

1921 - Webb Pierce, American singer (d. 1991)

1921 - Vulimiri Ramalingaswami, Indian medical scientist

1921 - Esther Williams, American actress and swimmer

1922 - Rory Calhoun, American actor (d. 1999)

1922 - Rudi Gernreich, Austrian-born fashion designer (d. 1985)

1925 - Alija Izetbegovic, President of Bosnia-Herzegovina (d. 2003)

1927 - Johnny Temple, baseball player (d. 1994)

1928 - Don Burrows, Australian jazz musician

1929 - Larisa Bogoraz, Soviet dissident (d. 2004)

1929 - Ronald Biggs, British criminal

1929 - William Nolde, last combat casualty of the Vietnam War

1931 - Sir Roger Penrose, British physicist

1932 - Mel Tillis, American singer

1935 - Donald P. Bellisario, American television producer

1935 - John Laws, Australia radio personality

1936 - Keith Barron, English actor

1936 - Frank Howard, American baseball player

1937 - Dustin Hoffman, American actor

1938 - Connie Stevens, American singer and actress

1939 - Alexander Watson, American ambassador and diplomat

1944 - Uli Derickson, Czech-born flight attendant (d. 2005)

1944 - Brooke Bundy, American actress

1947 - Ken Dryden, Canadian hockey player

1947 - José Cruz, baseball player

1949 - Keith Carradine, American actor

1951 - Mamoru Oshii, Japanese film director

1951 - Randy Shilts, American journalist and author (d. 1994)

1952 - Jostein Gaarder, Norwegian author

1952 - Robin Quivers, American radio personality

1953 - Don Most, American actor

1953 - Nigel Mansell, English race car driver

1955 - Herbert Prohaska, Austrian footballer

1956 - Branscombe Richmond, American actor

1958 - Deborah Norville, American TV host

1960 - Ulrich Maly, Mayor of Nuremberg

1961 - The Edge, Irish guitarist (U2)

1961 - Rikki Rockett, American drummer (Poison)

1963 - Jon Turteltaub, American director

1964 - Anastasia Ashman, American writer

1966 - Chris Eubank, English boxer

1966 - John Hudek, baseball player

1967 - Marcelo Balboa, American soccer player

1969 - Faye Wong, Hong Kong singer and actress

1970 - Trev Alberts, former American football player

1972 - Lüpüs Thünder, American musician (The Bloodhound Gang)

1973 - Scott Stapp, American singer (Creed)

1974 - Ulises De la Cruz, Ecuadoran footballer

1974 - Scott D'Amore, Professional wrestler and Manager

1976 - JC Chasez, American singer (*NSYNC)

1976 - Drew Lachey, American singer

1976 - Tawny Cypress, American actress

1977 - Kurt Bernard, Costa Rican footballer

1978 - Louis Saha, French footballer

1978 - Alan Maybury, Irish footballer

1979 - Richard Harwood, British cellist

1980 - Sabine Klaschka, German tennis player

1980 - Pat Noonan, American soccer player

1981 - Vanessa Amorosi, Australian singer and songwriter

1981 - Roger Federer, Swedish Tennis Player

1985 - Brayan Ruiz, Costa Rican soccer player

1986 - Peyton List, American actress

1988 - Princess Beatrice of York

1989 - Sesil Karatantcheva, Bulgarian tennis player

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869 - Lothair II of Lotharingia (b. 825)

1445 - Oswald von Wolkenstein, Austrian composer

1553 - Girolamo Fracastoro, Italian physician (b. 1478)

1555 - Oronce Finé, French mathematician (b. 1494)

1588 - Alonso Sánchez Coello, Spanish painter

1604 - Horio Tadauji, Japanese warlord (b. 1578)

1631 - Konstantinas Sirvydas, Lithuanian lexicographer (b. 1579)

1684 - George Booth, 1st Baron Delamer (b. 1622)

1759 - Carl Heinrich Graun, German composer

1827 - George Canning, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. 1770)

1828 - Carl Peter Thunberg, Swedish naturalist (b. 1743)

1879 - Immanuel Hermann Fichte, German philosopher (b. 1797)

1887 - Alexander William Doniphan, American lawyer and soldier (b. 1808)

1898 - Eugène Boudin, French painter (b. 1824)

1902 - James Tissot, French artist (b. 1836)

1911 - William P. Frye, American politician (b. 1830)

1933 - Adolf Loos, Austrian architect (b. 1870)

1940 - Johnny Dodds, American musician (b. 1892)

1944 - Chaim Soutine, Russian painter (b. 1894)

1944 - Erwin von Witzleben, German field marshal (b. 1881)

1947 - Anton Ivanovich Denikin, Russian general (b. 1872)

1965 - Shirley Jackson, American author (b. 1916)

1972 - Andrea Feldman, American actor (b. 1948)

1975 - Julian "Cannonball" Adderley, American jazz saxophonist (b. 1928)

1977 - Edgar Douglas Adrian, 1st Baron Adrian, Nobel Prize Laureate (b. 1889)

1985 - Louise Brooks, American actress (b. 1906)

1987 - Danilo Blanuša, Croatian mathematician (b. 1903)

1991 - James Irwin, astronaut (b. 1930)

1992 - Grand Ayatollah Abul-Qasim Khoei, considered to be the Supreme Shi'ite authority at the time of his death.

1996 - Nevill Mott, Nobel Prize Laureate (b. 1905)

2004 - Fay Wray, American actress (b. 1907)

2005 - Barbara Bel Geddes, American actress (b. 1922)

2005 - John H. Johnson, African-American publisher (b. 1918)

2005 - Gene Mauch, American athlete (b. 1925)

2005 - Monica Sjöö, Swedish artist (b. 1938)

2005 - Ilse Werner, German actress (b. 1921)

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Sweden - Namesday of Queen Silvia, an Official Flag Day.

Taiwan: Father's Day. (In Mandarin, Ba Ba means father and 8-8, or August 8).

Roman Catholicism - the feasts of at least ? saints:

St. Dominic de Guzman, priest, (1170-1221).

St. Cyriacus

St. Largus

St. Smaragdus (and companions)

St. Hormisdas