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(
2nd millennium BC
-
1st millennium BC
-
1st millennium
)
----
The 7th century BC started on
January 1
,
700 BC
and ended on
December 31
,
601 BC
.
7th century BC
Events
Significant persons
Inventions, discoveries, introductions
top
Events
End of
7th century BC
- The
Medes
from western
Iran
and the
Scythians
from modern
Russia
and
Ukraine
invaded the northern and eastern parts of
Assyria
.
699 BC
-
Khallushu
succeeds
Shuttir-Nakhkhunte
as king of the
Elamite Empire
.
697 BC
- Death of
King Huan of Zhou
, King of the
Zhou Dynasty
of
China
.
696 BC
-
King Zhuang of Zhou
becomes King of the
Zhou Dynasty
of
China
.
696 BC - The
Cimmerians
ravage
Phrygia
, possible migration of the
Armenians
.
691 BC
- King
Sennacherib
of
Assyria
defeats king
Humban-nimena
of
Elam
in the
Battle of Halule
.
690 BC
-
Taharqa
, a king of the
Twenty-fifth Dynasty
, ascends the throne of
Egypt
(approximate date)
689 BC
- King
Sennacherib
of
Assyria
sacks
Babylon
.
687 BC
-
Gyges
becomes king of
Lydia
.
687 BC -
Hezekiah
succeeded by
Manasseh
as king of
Judah
.
682 BC
- Death of
King Zhuang of Zhou
, King of the
Zhou Dynasty
of
China
.
681 BC
-
King Li of Zhou
becomes King of the
Zhou Dynasty
of
China
.
681 BC -
Esarhaddon
succeeds
Sennacherib
as king of
Assyria
.
677 BC
- Death of
King Li of Zhou
, King of the
Zhou Dynasty
of
China
.
677 BC -
Esarhaddon
leads the
Assyria
n army against rebellious
Arab
tribes, advances as far as the
Brook of Egypt
.
676 BC
-
King Hui of Zhou
becomes King of the
Zhou Dynasty
of
China
.
675 BC
-
Esarhaddon
begins the rebuilding of
Babylon
.
674 BC
-
Esarhaddon
puts down a revolt in
Ashkelon
supported by
Taharqa
, king of
Egypt
. In response, the
Assyrians
invade
Egypt
, but
Taharqa
is able to hold the invaders off.
673 BC
-
Tullus Hostilius
becomes king of
Rome
.
671 BC
-
Esarhaddon
again invades
Egypt
, capturing
Memphis
as well as a number of the
royal family
.
669 BC
-
Assurbanipal
succeeds his father
Esarhaddon
as king of
Assyria
.
668 BC
-
Shamash-shum-ukin
, son of
Esarhaddon
, becomes King of
Babylon
.
668 BC
-
Egypt
revolts against
Assyria
.
668 BC
- Estimation:
Nineveh
, capital of
Assyria
becomes the largest city of the world, taking the lead from
Thebes
in
Egypt
.
*
667 BC
-
Byzantium
founded by
Megaran
colonists under
Byzas
. (traditional date)
664 BC
- First
naval battle
in
Greek
recorded history, between
Corinth
and
Corcyra
.
664 BC
-
Assurbanipal
captures and sacks
Thebes, Egypt
.
664 BC
-
Psammetichus I
succeeds
Necho I
as king of
Lower Egypt
.
664 BC
-
Taharqa
appoints his nephew
Tantamani
as his successor of
Upper Egypt
.
February 11
,
660 BC
- Traditional founding date of
Japan
by
Emperor Jimmu
.
660 BC
- First known use of the
demotic
script.
660 BC
-
Psammetichus I
drives the
Assyria
ns out of
Egypt
.
650s BC
- Occupation begins at
Maya
site of
Piedras Negras, Guatemala
.
657 BC
-
Cypselus
becomes the first
tyrant
of
Corinth
.
656 BC
-
Psammetichus
extends his control over all of
Egypt
. End of
Twenty-fifth Dynasty
.
653 BC
-
Atta-Khumma-In-Shushinak
and
Khumbanigash II
succeed
Shilhak-In-Shushinak
and
Tempti-Khumma-In-Shushinak
as kings of the
Elamite Empire
.
652 BC
-
Babylonia
rises in revolt under
Shamash-shuma-ukin
against the
Assyria
ns.
651 BC
-
King Xiang of Zhou
becomes King of the
Zhou Dynasty
of
China
.
650 BC
- The town of
Abdera
in
Thrace
is founded by colonists from
Clazomenae
.
650 BC - A
climate change
affects all the
Bronze Age
cultures in
Europe
with colder and wetter climate, and tribes from the
Scandinavian
Nordic Bronze Age
cultures are pushed downwards into the
European continent
.
640s BC
-
Assyrian
king
Ashurbanipal
founds library, which includes our earliest complete copy of the
Epic of Gilgamesh
.
649 BC
-
Indabigash
succeeds
Tammaritu
as a king of the
Elamite Empire
.
649 BC
-
Babylonia
n revolt under
Shamash-shuma-ukin
is crushed by the
Assyria
ns.
648 BC
-
Pankration
becomes an event at the
Ancient Olympic Games
.
April 6
,
648 BC
- Earliest
Greek
-chronicled
solar eclipse
.
647 BC
-
King
Assurbanipal
of
Assyria
sacks
Susa
.
642 BC
-
Ancus Marcius
becomes king of
Rome
(traditional date).
640 BC
- Great victory of
Assyria
over
Elamite Empire
.
632 BC
-
Cylon
,
Athenian
noble
, seizes the
Acropolis
in a failed attempt to become king.
632 BC - In the
Battle of Chengpu
, the
Chinese
kingdom of
Jin
and her allies defeat the kingdom of
Chu
and her allies.
631 BC
- Founding of
Cyrene
, a
Greek
colony in
Libya
(
North Africa
) (approximate date).
631 BC -
Sadyates
becomes king of
Lydia
.
627 BC
- Death of
Assurbanipal
, king of
Assyria
; he is succeeded by
Assur-etel-ilani
(approximate date).
626 BC
-
Nabopolassar
revolts against
Assyria
, founds the
Neo-Babylonian Empire
.
625 BC
-
Medes
and
Babylonians
assert their independence from
Assyria
and attack
Nineveh
(approximate date).
623 BC
-
Sin-shar-ishkun
succeeds his brother
Assur-etel-ilani
as king of
Assyria
(approximate date).
622 BC
or
621 BC
- Text of
Deuteronomy
found in the
Temple in Jerusalem
.
619 BC
-
Alyattes
becomes king of
Lydia
.
619 BC - Death of
King Xiang of Zhou
, King of the
Zhou Dynasty
of
China
.
618 BC
-
King Qing of Zhou
becomes King of the
Zhou Dynasty
of
China
.
616 BC
-
Lucius Tarquinius Priscus
becomes king of
Rome
.
614 BC
- Sack of
Asshur
by the
Medes
and
Babylonians
.
613 BC
- Death of
King Qing of Zhou
, King of the
Zhou Dynasty
of
China
.
612 BC
-
King Kuang of Zhou
becomes King of the
Zhou Dynasty
of
China
.
612 BC - An alliance of
Medes
,
Babylonian
s and
Susianians
besiege and conquer
Nineveh
. King
Sin-shar-ishkun
of
Assyria
is killed in the sack.
612 BC -
Ashur-uballit II
attempts to keep the
Assyria
n empire alive by establishing himself as king at
Harran
.
612 BC - Estimation:
Babylon
, capital of
Babylonia
becomes the largest city of the world, taking the lead from
Nineveh
, capital of
Assyria
.
*
610 BC
-
Necho II
succeeds
Psammetichus I
as king of
Egypt
.
609 BC
- King
Josiah
of
Judah
dies in the
Battle of Megiddo
against
Pharaoh
Necho II
of
Egypt
, who is on his way north to aid the rump
Assyrian
state of
Ashur-uballit II
.
609 BC - The
Babylonians
defeat the
Assyrian army
of
Ashur-uballit II
and capture
Harran
.
Ashur-uballit
, the last
Assyrian
king, disappears from history.
609 BC -
Jehoahaz
succeeds his father
Josiah
as
King of Judah
, but is quickly deposed by
Necho
, who installs
Jehoahaz
's brother
Jehoiakim
in his place.
607 BC
- Death of
King Kuang of Zhou
, King of the
Zhou Dynasty
of
China
.
606 BC
-
King Ding of Zhou
becomes King of the
Zhou Dynasty
of
China
.
605 BC
-
Battle of Carchemish
:
Crown Prince
Nebuchadrezzar
of
Babylon
defeats the army of
Necho II
of
Egypt
, securing the
Babylonian
conquest of
Assyria
. The
Babylonians
pursue through
Syria
and
Palestine
.
605 BC -
Nebuchadrezzar II
succeeds his father
Nabopolassar
as King of
Babylon
.
600 BC
- Foundation of
Capua
.
600 BC - Foundation of
Milan
by
Celts
(approximate date).
600 BC - Foundation of
Marseille
by
Phoceans
(traditionial date).
600 BC -
Smyrna
sacked and destroyed.
600 BC -
Nebuchadrezzar
builds the
Hanging Gardens of Babylon
.
600 BC - (
LDS
)
Lehi
leads his family and some friends on pilgrimage from
Jerusalem
to the
Americas
.
Scythians
arrived in
Asia
.
top
Significant persons
Hezekiah
of the
Kingdom of Judah
(reigned
715
-
687 BC
).
Sennacherib
,
King of Assyria
and conqueror of
Babylon
(
705
-
681 BC
).
Gyges of Lydia
(reigned
687
-
652 BC
).
Manasseh of Judah
(reigned
687
-
643 BC
).
Esarhaddon
,
King of Assyria
and conqueror of
Egypt
(reigned
681
-
669 BC
).
Archilochus
of
Thasos
, poet (c.
680 BC
-
645 BC
). He is born on the island of
Paros
.
673 BC
-
Numa Pompilius
, second of the
Kings of Rome
, successor to
Romulus
, died.
670 BC
-
Mettius Fufetius
,
Latin
king of
Alba Longa
, died.
664 BC
- Death of
Necho I
, king of
Egypt
.
663 BC
- Death of
Taharqa
, king of
Egypt
.
653 BC
- Death of
Tantamani
, last king of the
Twenty-fifth dynasty of Egypt
.
652 BC
- Death of
King Hui of Zhou
, King of the
Zhou Dynasty
of
China
.
652 BC - First recorded mention of King "
Kuras of Parsumas
". He is possibly the same as King
Cyrus I of Anshan
, head of the
Achaemenid dynasty
.
645 BC
- Death of
Guan Zhong
,
Prime Minister
of the
Chinese
state of
Qi
.
Josiah
of the
Kingdom of Judah
(reigned
641 BC
-
609 BC
).
Stesichorus
of
Sicily
,
lyric
poet
(c.
640 BC
-
555 BC
).
Solon
of
Athens
, one of the
Seven Sages of Greece
(
638 BC
-
558 BC
).
Thales
of
Miletus
,
Greek
mathematician
(
635 BC
-
543 BC
).
610 BC
- Death of
Psammetichus I
, king of
Egypt
.
610 BC - Birth of
Anaximander
,
Greek
philosopher
.
Sappho
of
Lesbos
,
Ancient Greek
poet
.
top
Inventions, discoveries, introductions
First metal
coin
s used by
Lydia
ns of western
Anatolia
. Until c.
525 BC
coin
s bore an image on one side only.
Iron
allegedly discovered in
China
.
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