yawiki.org entry for 1985

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This article is about the year. For the song by Bowling for Soup, see 1985 (song). For the album by Rufio, see MCMLXXXV.

1985 (MCMLXXXV) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar.
It was declared International Youth Year by the United Nations.

    1985
            January
            February
            March
            April
            May
            June
            July
            August
            September
            October
            November
            December
            Environmental and weather change
            Unknown date
            January
            February
            March
            April
            May
            June
            July
            August
            September
            October
            November
            December
            January
            March
            April
            May
            June
            July
            August
            September
            October
            November
            December
        Nobel prizes
        Templeton Prize
        Right Livelihood Award

January

January 1 - The first British mobile phone call is made (by Ernie Wise to Vodafone).

January 3 - Ethiopian Jews settle in Israel.

January 17 - British Telecom announces it is going to phase out its famous red telephone boxes.

January 20 - U.S. President Ronald Reagan is sworn in for a second term in office.

January 28 - In Hollywood, California, We Are the World, a 1985 song written by Michael Jackson and Lionel Richie, produced and conducted by Quincy Jones, is recorded by a supergroup of popular musicians billed as USA for Africa. The charity single is intended to raise funds to help famine relief efforts in Ethiopia. In all, 45 musicians attend the recording session, including Bob Geldof, who had arranged the Band Aid effort in the United Kingdom. Lead vocals rotate among 21 of the performers, including Kenny Rogers, Lionel Richie, Michael Jackson, Tina Turner, Billy Joel, Steve Perry, Bob Dylan and Bruce Springsteen.

February

February 1 - AM stereo broadcasting starts in Australia.

February 5 - Australia cancels its involvement in U.S.-led MX missile tests.

February 7 - "New York, New York" becomes the official city anthem of New York City.

February 10 - Nelson Mandela rejects an offer of freedom from the South African government.

February 11 - Pakistani bowler Wasim Akram takes 10 wickets in his second Test cricket match, but New Zealand still wins.

February 14 - CNN reporter Jeremy Levin is freed from captivity in Lebanon.

February 16 - Israel begins withdrawing troops from Lebanon.

February 19 - William Schroeder becomes the first artificial heart patient to leave the hospital.

March

March 4 - The Food and Drug Administration approves a blood test for AIDS, used since then to screen all blood donations in the United States.

March 6 - Mike Tyson makes his professional debut in Albany, New York, a match which he wins by a first round knockout.

March 11 - Mikhail Gorbachev becomes the General Secretary of the Soviet Communist Party and de facto leader of the Soviet Union.

March 11 - Mohammed Al Fayed buys the London-based department store company Harrods.

March 14 - Five lionesses at the Singapore Zoo are put on birth control after the lion population increases from 2 to 16.

March 16 - Associated Press newsman Terry Anderson is taken hostage in Beirut. He will be released on December 4, 1991.

March 24 - Norwich City FC wins the English League Cup at Wembley Stadium, beating Sunderland 1-0 in the final.

March 31- The first Wrestlemania was held, with Muhammud Ali as special guest referee.

April

April 15 - South Africa ends its ban on interracial marriages.

April 19 - The U.S.S.R performs a nuclear test at Eastern Kazakhstan.

April 23 - Coca-Cola changes its formula and releases New Coke. (The response is overwhelmingly negative, and the original formula is back on the market in less than 3 months.)

April 28 - The Australian Nuclear Disarmament Party (NDP) splits.

May

May 5 - U.S. President Ronald Reagan joins German Chancellor Helmut Kohl for a controversial funeral service at a cemetery in Bitburg, Germany, which includes the graves of 59 elite S.S. troops from World War II.

May 11 - The FBI brings charges against the suspected heads of the five Mafia families in New York City.

May 11 - Fire engulfs a wooden stand in the Valley Parade stadium in Bradford, England during a football match, killing 56.

May 13 - Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Mayor Wilson Goode orders police to storm the radical group's MOVE headquarters to end a stand-off. The police drop an explosive device into the headquarters, killing 11 MOVE members and destroying the homes of 61 city residents in the resulting fire.

May 15 - An explosive device sent by the Unabomber injures John Hauser at UC Berkeley.

May 23 - Thomas Patrick Cavanagh is sentenced to life in prison for attempting to sell stealth bomber secrets to the Soviet Union.

May 25 - Bangladesh is hit by a tropical cyclone and storm surge, which kills approximately 10,000 people.

May 29 - 39 spectators are killed in rioting on the terraces during the European Cup final between Liverpool F.C. and Juventus at Heysel Stadium in Brussels, Belgium.

May 31 - Forty-one tornadoes hit in Ohio, Pennsylvania, New York and Ontario, leaving 76 dead.

June

June 13 - In Auburn, Washington, police defuse a Unabomber bomb sent to Boeing.

June 14 - TWA Flight 847, carrying 153 passengers on a flight from Athens to Rome, is hijacked by a fringe group of Hezbollah. One passenger, US Navy Petty Officer Robert Stethem, is killed.

June 23 - Air India Flight 182, a Boeing 747, blows up 31,000 feet (9,500 m) above the Atlantic Ocean, south of Ireland, killing all 329 aboard.

June 25 - Irish police foil an IRA-sponsored 'mainland bombing campaign' which targeted luxury vacationing resorts, arresting 13 suspects.

July

July 3 - The sci-fi comedy Back To The Future is released in the U.S.

It becomes the year's biggest box office hit, earning $210,000,000.

July 4 - Thirteen-year-old Ruth Lawrence achieves a first in mathematics at Oxford University, becoming the youngest British person ever to earn a first-class degree and the youngest known graduate of Oxford University.

July 10 - The Greenpeace vessel, the Rainbow Warrior, is bombed and sunk in Auckland harbour by French DGSE agents.

July 13 - Live Aid pop concerts in Philadelphia and London raise over £50 million for famine relief in Ethiopia.

July 19 - U.S. Vice President George H.W. Bush announces that New Hampshire teacher Christa McAuliffe will become the first schoolteacher to ride aboard the Space Shuttle Challenger.

July 20 - The main ship wreck site of the Spanish galleon Nuestra Señora de Atocha (which sank in 1622) is found 40 miles off the coast of Key West, Florida by treasure hunters who begin to excavate $400 million in coins and silver.

August

August 2 - Delta Air Lines Flight 191 crashes in Dallas, Texas, killing 137 people.

August 6 - In Hiroshima, tens of thousands mark the 40th anniversary of the atomic bombing of the city.

August 7 - Takao Doi, Mamoru Mohri and Chiaki Mukai are chosen to be Japan's first astronauts.

September

September 1 - A joint American-French expedition locates the wreck of the RMS ''Titanic''.

September 5 - John Howard replaces Andrew Peacock as Australian Federal Opposition Leader.

September 6 - Midwest Express Airlines Flight 105, a Douglas DC-9 crashes just after takeoff from Milwaukee, Wisconsin, killing 31.

September 19 - An 8.1 Richter scale earthquake strikes Mexico City. More than 9,000 people are killed, 30,000 injured, and 95,000 left homeless.

October

October 1 - The Israeli air force bombs PLO Headquarters in Tunis.

October 7 - The cruise ship Achille Lauro is hijacked in the Mediterranean Sea by 4 heavily armed Palestinian terrorists. One passenger, American Leon Klinghoffer, is killed.

November

November 15 - In separate events, mail bombs kill two people in Salt Lake City, Utah; a third bomb explodes the next day, injuring career counterfeiter Mark Hoffman. The ensuing police investigation leads to the arrest of Hoffman for the two murders.

November 18 - The first Calvin and Hobbes comic strip, drawn by Bill Watterson, is printed in a handful of newspapers.

November 19 - Cold War: In Geneva, U.S. President Ronald Reagan and Soviet Union leader Mikhail Gorbachev meet for the first time.

November 20 - Microsoft Corporation releases the first version of Windows, Windows 1.0.

November 26 - U.S. President Ronald Reagan sells the rights to his autobiography to Random House for a record US$3 million.

November 28 - Gerard Hoarau, exiled political leader from the Seychelles, is assassinated in London.

December

December 1 - The Ford Taurus is revealed to the public. It would become one of Ford's biggest successes ever.

December 12 - Arrow Air Flight 1285, a DC-8, crashes after takeoff in Gander, Newfoundland, killing 256, 248 of whom were U.S. servicemen returning to Fort Campbell, Kentucky from overseeing a peacekeeping force in Sinai.

December 16 - In New York City, Mafia bosses Paul Castellano and Thomas Bilotti are shot dead in front of Spark's Steak House, making hit organizer John Gotti the leader of the powerful Gambino organized crime family.

December 24 - Right wing extremist David Lewis Rice murders civil rights attorney Charles Goldmark as well as Goldmark's wife and 2 children in Seattle. Rice suspected the family of being Jewish and Communist and claimed his dedication to the Christian Identity movement drove him to the crime.

December 27 - Rome and Vienna airport attacks: Abu Nidal terrorists open fire in the airports of Rome and Vienna, leaving 18 dead and 120 injured.

December 27 - American naturalist Dian Fossey is found murdered in Rwanda.

December 31 - The last issue of The Columbus Citizen-Journal is circulated.

Environmental and weather change

Asian tiger mosquito, an invasive species is first found in Houston, Texas

November 13 - The volcano Nevado del Ruiz erupts in Colombia, killing an estimated 23,000 people.

Famine in Ethiopia continues - Live Aid attempts to raise funds for famine relief.

Unknown date

Victoria celebrates its 150th anniversary.

Capital gains tax introduced to Australia.

Buckyballs discovered by Harold Kroto, Robert Curl and Richard Smalley.

GNU Manifesto first written by Richard Stallman.

Western Sahara is admitted to the Organization of African Unity; Morocco, which claims Western Sahara, leaves in protest.

Solarquest, space age real estate game, first published by Golden.

Free Software Foundation founded.

Norma Phillips Thornworth elected president of Mothers Against Drunk Driving.

ATI Technologies is founded.

NeXT is founded by Steve Jobs after he resigned from Apple Computer.

January

January 1 - Steven Davis, Northern Irish footballer

January 2 - Heather O'Reilly, US Women's national soccer player

January 17 - Simone Simons, Dutch singer

January 19 - Rika Ishikawa, Japanese singer and host of television and radio programs

January 28 - Michelle Gardner-Quinn, American murder victim (d. 2006)

February

February 1 - Dean Shiels, Northern Irish footballer

February 5 - Cristiano Ronaldo, Portuguese footballer

February 7 - Clara Bryant, American actress

February 7 - Tina Majorino, American actress

February 9 - Rachel Melvin, American actress

February 10 - Anette Sagen, Norwegian ski jumper

February 11 - William Beckett, American singer

February 14 - Natsume Sano, Japanese gravure idol

February 18 - Lee Boyd Malvo, American serial killer

February 19 - Haylie Duff, American actress and singer

February 19 - Arielle Kebbel, American actress

February 26 - Miki Fujimoto, Japanese singer

February 27 - Abe Asami, Japanese singer and actress

February 28 - FeFe Dobson, Canadian singer

February 28 - Jelena Janković, Serbian tennis player

March

March 2 - Reggie Bush, American football player

March 2 - Robert Iler, American actor

March 3 - Sam Morrow, Northern Irish footballer

March 11 - Paul Bissonnette, Canadian hockey player

March 13 - Emile Hirsch, American actor

March 15 - Antti Autti, Finnish snowboarder

March 24 - Haruka Ayase, Japanese actress and model

March 26 - Keira Knightley, English actress

April

April 12 - Hitomi Yoshizawa, Japanese singer

April 18 - Łukasz Fabiański, Polish footballer

April 24 - Kaori Nazuka, Japanese seiyu (voice actress)

May

May 2 - Sarah Hughes, American figure skater

May 2 - Lily Allen, British Singer

May 6 - Chris Paul, American basketball player

May 25 - Luciana Abreu, Portuguese singer and actress

May 27 - Chien-Ming Chiang, Taiwanese baseball player

June

June 9 - Sebastian Telfair, Boston Celtics

June 12 - Tasha-Ray Evin, Canadian singer/guitarist (Lillix)

June 17 - Marcos Baghdatis, Cypriot tennis player

June 20 - April Matson, American actress

June 26 - Urgyen Trinley Dorje, Tibetan Buddhist spiritual leader

June 27 - Svetlana Kuznetsova, Russian tennis player

June 27 - Nico Rosberg, German Formula One driver

June 28 - Phillip Bardsley, English footballer

June 30 - Michael Phelps, American swimmer

July

July 2 - Ashley Tisdale, American actress

July 5 - Nick O'Malley, British musician (Arctic Monkeys)

July 8 - Jamie Cook, British musician (Arctic Monkeys)

July 12 - Emil Hegle Svendsen, Norwegian biathlete

July 17 - Tom Fletcher, British musician (McFly)

July 24 - Teagan Presley, American actress

July 25 - James Lafferty, American actor and athlete

July 28 - Dustin Milligan, Canadian actor

August

August 9 - Hayley Peirsol, American swimmer

September

September 14 - Aya Ueto, Japanese actress

September 17 - Alexander Ovechkin, Russian Hockey Player

September 17 - Jon Walker, American musician

September 23 - Maki Goto, Japanese singer and actress

October

October 5 - Nicola Roberts, British singer (Girls Aloud)

October 5 - Evan Longoria, Professional baseball player

October 10 - Dominique Cornu, Belgian professional cyclist

October 10 - Ken Hoang, Proffesional SSBM player

October 11 - Michelle Trachtenberg, American actress

October 12 - Gareth Hussey, British radiopresenter

October 14 - Sherlyn, Mexican actress

October 14 - Daniel Clark, Canadian actor

October 22 - Zachary Hanson, American musician

October 24 - Wayne Rooney, English footballer

October 25 - Ciara, American singer

November

November 8 - Jack Osbourne, English actor

November 11 - Robin Uthappa, Indian cricketer

November 18 - Rex Goudie, Canadian singer

November 30 - Kaley Cuoco, American actress

December

December 3 - Amanda Seyfried, American actress

December 5 - Frankie Muniz, American actor

December 6 - Dulce María, Mexican actress

December 10 - Raven Symone, American actress

December 14 - Nonami Takizawa, Japanese actress

December 21 - James Stewart Jr., American motorcycle racer

December 23 - Harry Judd, English drummer (McFly)

January

January 4 -Sir Brian Horrocks, British general (b. 1895)

March

March 10 - Konstantin Chernenko, Soviet politician (b. 1911)

March 12 - Eugene Ormandy, Hungarian conductor (b. 1899)

March 28 - Marc Chagall, Russian-born painter (b. 1887)

March 31 - Jeanine Deckers, Belgian nun and singer (b. 1933)

April

April 8 - J. Fred Coots, American Songwriter (b. 1897)

April 11 - Enver Hoxha, Albanian dictator (b. 1908)

April 22 - Paul H. Emmett, American chemical engineer (b. 1900)

April 30 - George Pravda, Czechoslovakian actor (b. 1918)

May

May 4 - Clarence Wiseman, the 10th General of The Salvation Army (b. 1907)

May 5 - Sir Donald Bailey, British civil engineer (b. 1901)

May 8 - Theodore Sturgeon, American writer (b. 1918)

May 9 - Edmond O'Brien, American actor (b. 1915)

May 10 - Chester Gould, American cartoonist (b. 1900)

May 12 - Jean Dubuffet, French artist (b. 1901)

May 16 - Margaret Hamilton, American actress (b. 1902)

May 17 - Abe Burrows, American songwriter, composer, and writer (b. 1910)

June

June 11 - Karen Ann Quinlan, American right-to-die cause célèbre (b. 1954)

June 12 - Hua Luogeng, Chinese mathematician (b. 1910)

June 15 - Andy Stanfield, American athlete (b. 1927)

July

July 2 - David Purley, British race car driver (b. 1945)

July 9 - Jimmy Kinnon, Scottish founder of Narcotics Anonymous (b. 1911)

July 16 - Heinrich Böll, German writer, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1917)

July 19 - Janusz A. Zajdel, Polish writer (b. 1938)

July 27 - John Scarne, American magician and card expert (b. 1903)

August

August 6 - Forbes Burnham, President of Guyana (b. 1923)

August 12 - Manfred Winkelhock, German race car driver (b. 1951)

August 12 - Kyu Sakamoto, Japanese singer, well known by his most famous song, "Sukiyaki", killed in the crash of Japan Airlines Flight 123 (b. 1941)

August 25 - Samantha Smith, American schoolgirl activist (b. 1972)

August 31 - Frank Macfarlane Burnet, Australian biologist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (b. 1899)

September

September 6 - Isabel Cox-Meighen, wife of Canadian prime minister Arthur Meighen (b. 1882)

September 6 - Little Brother Montgomery, American musician

September 7 - Rodney Robert Porter, English biochemist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (b. 1917)

September 8 - John Franklin Enders, American scientist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (b. 1887)

September 9 - Paul Flory, American chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1910)

September 11 - William Alwyn, English composer (b. 1905)

September 19 - Italo Calvino, Italian writer (b. 1923)

October

October 1 - E.B. White, American writer (b. 1899)

October 2 - Rock Hudson, American actor (b. 1925)

October 2 - George Savalas, American actor, brother of Telly Savalas (b. 1924)

October 6 - Nelson Riddle, American bandleader (b. 1921)

October 10 - Yul Brynner, American actor (b. 1915)

October 10 - Orson Welles, American film director (b. 1915)

October 12 - Johnny Olson, American game show announcer (b. 1910)

October 22 - Thomas Townsend Brown, American scientist (b. 1905)

October 31 - Poul Reichhardt, Danish actor (b. 1913)

November

November 5 - Spencer W. Kimball, president of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (b. 1895)

November 5 - Arnold Chikobava, Georgian linguist (b. 1898)

November 13 - William Pereira, American architect (b. 1909)

November 24 - Big Joe Turner, American blues singer (b. 1911)

December

December 7 - Robert Graves, English writer (b. 1895)

December 12 - Anne Baxter, American actress (b. 1923)

December 12 - Ian Stewart, Scottish rock musician (b. 1938)

December 23 - Ferhat Abbas, Algerian nationalist (b. 1899)

December 27 - Dian Fossey, American biologist (b. 1932)

December 31 - Ricky Nelson, American singer and actor (b. 1940)

Nobel prizes

Physics - Klaus von Klitzing

Chemistry - Herbert A. Hauptman, Jerome Karle

Literature - Claude Simon

Peace - International Physicians for the Prevention of Nuclear War

Economics - Franco Modigliani

Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine - Michael S. Brown, Joseph L. Goldstein

Templeton Prize

Sir Alister Hardy

Right Livelihood Award

Theo van Boven, Cary Fowler / Pat Mooney / Rural Advancement Fund International, Lokayan / Rajni Kothari and Duna Kör

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