yawiki.org entry for 1931

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1931 (MCMXXXI) was a common year starting on Thursday (link is to a full 1931 calendar).

    1931
        Events
            January-February
            March-April
            May-August
            September-December
            Undated
            January
            February
            March
            April
            May
            June
            July
            August
            September
            October
            November
            December
            Month/day unknown
        Deaths
        Undated
        Nobel prizes
        Ship events

Events

January-February

January 4 - Elly Beinhorn begins her flight to Africa

January 6 - Thomas Edison submits his last patent application.

January 22 - Sir Isaac Isaacs sworn in as the first Australian-born Governor-General of Australia

January 25 - Mohandas Gandhi released again

January 27 - Pierre Laval forms a government in France

February 3 - Napier earthquake - much of the New Zealand city of Napier is destroyed in an earthquake measuring 7.9 on the Richter scale

February 10 - New Delhi becomes the capital of India

February 16 - Pehr Evind Svinhufvud elected president of Finland

February 20 - California gets the go-ahead by the U.S. Congress to build the San Francisco-Oakland Bay Bridge.

February 21 - Peruvian revolutionaries hijack a Ford Trimotor aeroplane and demand that the pilot drop propaganda leaflets over Lima

March-April

March 1 - USS Arizona (BB-39) placed back in full commission after a refit

March 3 - The Star-Spangled Banner is adopted as the United States National anthem.

March 4 - British viceroy of India and Mohandas Gandhi negotiate

March 7 - New House of Representatives opened in Helsinki, Finland

March 11 - Ready for Labour and Defence of the USSR programme, abbreviated as GTO, is introduced in the Soviet Union

March 17 - Nevada legalizes gambling

March 25 - The Scottsboro Boys are arrested in Alabama and charged with rape.

March 27 - British writer Arnold Bennet dies in Paris when he drinks local water to prove it safe to drink - but is poisoned

March 31 - An earthquake destroys Managua, Nicaragua killing 2,000.

April 6 - Portuguese government declares martial law in Madeira and in the Azores because of an attempted military takeover in Funchal

April 9 - Execution of Argentinean anarchist Severino Digiovanni

April 14 - 2nd Spanish Republic proclaimed in Spain

April 18 - An incorporation of Cheverly, Maryland is made.

April 22 - Austria, Britain, Denmark, Germany, Italy, Sweden and USA recognize the Spanish Republic

May-August

May 1 - Construction of the Empire State Building is completed in New York City

May 4 - Kemal Atatürk re-elected president of Turkey

May 13 - Paul Doumer elected president of France

June 12 - Charlie Parker equals J.T. Hearne's record for the earliest date to reach 100 wickets.

June 14 - Yacht St Philiebert sinks in river Loire in France - over 500 drown

June 23 - Wiley Post and Harold Gatty take off from Roosevelt Field, Long Island in an attempt to accomplish the first round-the-world flight in a single-engine plane. *

July - John Haven Emerson of Cambridge, Massachusetts perfects the Emerson iron lung just in time for the growing polio epidemic

July 1 - Official opening of Milan Central Station

July 16 - Emperor Haile Selassie of Ethiopia signs the first constitution of Ethiopia

Huang He floods kill between 850,000 and 4,000,000 people - the most deadly historic natural disaster.

August 24 - Labour Government of Ramsay MacDonald resigns in Britain - replaced by National Government of people drawn from all parties also under MacDonald.

August 31 - Yangtze River floods - 23 million made homeless

September-December

September 5 - John Thomson, soccer player, dies in an accident during a Celtic - Rangers match

September 15 - The Invergordon Mutiny: Strikes in Royal Navy due to decreased salaries

September 18 - Mukden Incident. After that, Japan uses it to occupy Manchuria.

September 18 - Geli Raubal is found shot dead in Hitler's apartment

November 7 - Chinese People's Republic proclaimed by Mao Tse Tung.

November 8 - French gendarmes launch a large scale raid against Corsican bandits

November 8 - Panama Canal closed for couple of weeks due to damage caused by a number of earthquakes

December 10 - Niceto Alcalá-Zamora elected president of Spanish republic

December 11 - The British Parliament enacts the Statute of Westminster, which establishes a status of legislative equality between the self-governing dominions of the Commonwealth of Australia, the Dominion of Canada, the Irish Free State, Newfoundland, the Dominion of New Zealand, and the Union of South Africa.

December 13 - Wakatsuki Reijiro resigned as Prime Minister of Japan.

December 26 - Phi Iota Alpha, the oldest existing Latino fraternity is founded.

Undated

Deuterium discovered by Harold Clayton Urey.

The Castellemmarese War ends with the assassination of Joe "The Boss" Masseria, briefly leaving Salvatore Maranzano as capo di tutti i capi, "boss of all bosses" and undisputed ruler of the American mafia. Maranzano is himself assassinated less than 6 months later, leading to the establishment of the Five Families

Ust-Abakanskoye becomes Abakan.

National Committee for Modification of the Volstead Act formed to work for repeal of prohibition in United States.

Serta, the mattress manufacturer, is founded.

January

January 5 - Alvin Ailey, American choreographer (d. 1989)

January 5 - Alfred Brendel, Austrian pianist

January 5 - Robert Duvall, American actor and director

January 6 - E. L. Doctorow, American author

January 8 - Bill Graham, German concert promoter (d. 1991)

January 10 - Peter Barnes, English playwright and screenwriter (d. 2004)

January 12 - Roland Alphonso, Jamaican musician (d. 1998)

January 13 - Charles Nelson Reilly, American actor

January 14 - Caterina Valente, French singer and actress

January 16 - Johannes Rau, President of Germany (d. 2006)

January 17 - James Earl Jones, American actor

January 19 - Robert MacNeil, Canadian journalist

January 20 - David Lee, American physicist, Nobel Prize laureate

January 22 - Sam Cooke, American singer (d. 1964)

January 27 - Mordecai Richler, Canadian author (d. 2001)

January 30 - Allan W. Eckert, American historian, naturalist, and author

January 31 - Ernie Banks, baseball player

February

February 1 - Boris Yeltsin, President of Russia

February 2 - Dries van Agt, Dutch politician

February 6 - Rip Torn, American actor and director

February 8 - James Dean, American actor (d. 1955)

February 10 - Thomas Bernhard, Dutch author (d. 1989)

February 11 - Larry Merchant, American author and boxing commentator

February 16 - Ken Takakura, Japanese actor

February 18 - Johnny Hart, American cartoonist

February 18 - Toni Morrison, American writer, Nobel Prize laureate

February 18 - Bob St. Clair, American football player

February 24 - Brian Close, British cricket player

February 26 - Ally McLeod, Scottish football manager

February 28 - Dean Smith, American basketball coach

March

March 2 - Mikhail Gorbachev, President of the Soviet Union, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize

March 2 - Tom Wolfe, American author

March 11 - Rupert Murdoch, Australian-born publisher

March 22 - Burton Richter, American physicist, Nobel Prize laureate

March 22 - William Shatner, Canadian actor

March 26 - Leonard Nimoy, American actor and director

March 29 - Aleksei Gubarev, cosmonaut

April

April 1 - Rolf Hochhuth, German writer

April 9 - Larry Gluck, American painter

April 11 - Johnny Sheffield, American actor

April 27 - Igor Oistrakh, Ukrainian violinist

April 29 - Frank Auerbach, German-born painter

April 29 - Lonnie Donegan, Scottish musician (d. 2002)

May

May 6 - Willie Mays, baseball player

May 7 - Teresa Brewer, American singer

May 13 - Jim Jones, American cult leader (d. 1978)

May 13 - Jiri Petr, Czech university president

May 14 - Alvin Lucier, American composer

May 15 - Ken Venturi, American golfer

May 16 - Natwar Singh, Indian politician

May 18 - Robert Morse, American actor

May 19 - Eric Tappy, Swiss tenor

May 20 - Ken Boyer, baseball player (d. 1982)

May 25 - Georgi Grechko, cosmonaut

May 31 - John Robert Schrieffer, American physicist, Nobel Prize laureate

May 31 - Shirley Verrett, American mezzo-soprano

June

June 3 - Lindy Remigino, American athlete

June 7 - Malcolm Morley, English-born painter

June 9 - Joe Santos, American actor

June 14 - Ross Higgins, Australian actor

June 20 - Martin Landau, American actor

June 27 - Martinus J. G. Veltman, Dutch physicist, Nobel Prize laureate

July

July 1 - Leslie Caron, French actress

July 4 - Stephen Boyd, Irish actor (d. 1977)

July 10 - Alice Munro, Canadian writer

July 23 - Te Atairangi Kaahu, Māori Queen (d. 2006)

July 26 - Fred Foster, American songwriter and record producer

August

August 12 - William Goldman, American author

August 15 - Joe Feeney, American singer

August 18 - Bramwell Tillsley, General of The Salvation Army

August 19 - Willie Shoemaker, American jockey (d. 2003)

August 23 - Hamilton O. Smith, American microbiologist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine

August 25 - Regis Philbin, American television personality

August 28 - John Shirley-Quirk, English bass-baritone

August 31 - Jean Béliveau, Canadian hockey player

September

September 12 - George Jones, American singer and songwriter

September 17 - Anne Bancroft, American actress (d. 2005)

September 21 - Larry Hagman, American actor

September 22 - Fay Weldon, British author

September 22 - George Younger, 4th Viscount Younger of Leckie, British politician (d. 2003)

September 23 - Gerald Stairs Merrithew, Canadian educator and statesman (d. 2004)

September 29 - James Watson Cronin, American nuclear physicist, Nobel Prize laureate

September 29 - Anita Ekberg, Swedish actress

September 30 - Angie Dickinson, American actress

September 30 - Wesley L. Fox, U.S. Marine Corps officer

October

October 6 - Riccardo Giacconi, Italian-born physicist, Nobel Prize laureate

October 7 - Cotton Fitzsimmons, American basketball coach (d. 2004)

October 7 - Desmond Tutu, South African Anglican archbishop and activist, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize

October 13 - Eddie Mathews, baseball player (d. 2001)

October 15 - Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen Abdul Kalam, President of India

October 16 - James Chace, American historian (d. 2004)

October 17 - Ernst Hinterberger, Austrian writer

October 19 - John le Carré, English novelist

October 20 - Mickey Mantle, baseball player (d. 1995)

October 23 - Jim Bunning, baseball player and U.S. Senator

October 23 - Diana Dors, English actress (d. 1984)

October 25 - Jimmy McIlroy, Irish footballer and football manager

October 31 - Dan Rather, American television news reporter

November

November 05 - Ike Turner, American singer and songwriter

November 15 - Mwai Kibaki, third President of Kenya

November 21 - Malcolm Williamson, Australian composer (d. 2003)

November 21 - Revaz Dogonadze, Georgian phisicist (d. 1985)

November 23 - Dervla Murphy, Irish author

November 26 - Adolfo Pérez Esquivel, Argentine activist, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize

November 28 - Hope Lange, American actress (d. 2003)

December

December 23 - Ronnie Schell, American actor

December 24 - Mauricio Kagel, Argentine composer

December 30 - Skeeter Davis, American singer (d. 2004)

December 31 - Bob Shaw, Irish writer (d. 1996)

Month/day unknown

Joseph A. Califano, Jr., American politician

Clarence "Joe" Teehan, noted Brooklyn Dodgers historian, is born

Deaths

January 11 - James Milton Carroll, Baptist pastor, historian, and author (b. 1852)

January 14 - Hardy Richardson, baseball player (b. 1855)

January 22 - Alma Rubens, American actress (b. 1897)

January 23 - Anna Pavlova, Russian ballerina (b. 1881)

February 11 - Charles Algernon Parsons, British inventor (b. 1854)

February 16 - Wilhelm von Gloeden, German photographer (b. 1856)

February 26 - Otto Wallach, German chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1847)

March 5 - Arthur Tooth, Anglican clergyman (b. 1839)

March 7 - Akseli Gallén-Kallela, Finnish painter (b. 1865)

March 11 - F.W. Murnau, German director (b. 1888)

March 20 - Hermann Müller, Chancellor of Germany (b. 1876)

March 21 - Bhagat Singh, Indian revolutionary (b. 1908)

March 31 - Knute Rockne, American football coach (b. 1888)

April 8 - Erik Axel Karlfeldt, Swedish writer, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1864)

April 10 - Khalil Gibran Lebanese poet and painter (b. 1883)

April 30 - Sammy Woods, English cricketer (b. 1867)

May 9 - Albert Abraham Michelson, German-born physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1852)

May 14 - David Belasco, American writer (b. 1853)

July 4 - Buddie Petit, American jazz musician

July 12 - Nathan Söderblom, Swedish archbishop, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (b. 1866)

August 6 - Bix Beiderbecke, American jazz trumpeter (b. 1903)

August 26 - Hamaguchi Osachi, 27th Prime Minister of Japan (b. 1870)

August 27 - Frank Harris, Irish author and editor (b. 1856)

August 27 - Francis Marion Smith, American businessman (b. 1846)

September 5 - John Thomson, Scottish footballer (b. 1909)

October 13 - Ernst Didring, Swedish writer (b. 1868)

October 18 - Thomas Edison, American inventor (b. 1847)

November 11 - Shibusawa Eiichi, Japanese industrialist (b. 1840)

December 2 - Vincent d'Indy, French composer (b. 1851)

Undated

Joseph Tabrar, British songwriter (b. 1857)

Dame Nellie Melba, Soprano Singer (b. 1861)

Nobel prizes

Physics - not awarded

Chemistry - Carl Bosch, Friedrich Bergius

Physiology or Medicine - Otto Heinrich Warburg

Literature - Erik Axel Karlfeldt

Peace - Jane Addams, Nicholas Murray Butler

Ship events

List of ship launches in 1931

List of ship commissionings in 1931

List of ship decommissionings in 1931

List of shipwrecks in 1931

av:1931

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