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February 22 - Native American Quadequine introduces popcorn to English colonists.

March 22 - Massachusetts Bay Colony outlaws the possession of cards, dice, and gaming tables.

June 6 - Swedish warships depart from Stockholm to Germany.

June 26 - July 6 - Swedish troops under Gustavus Adolphus land in Pomerania, Germany to aid Protestants.

July 6 - Success, last ship of the Winthrop Fleet, lands safely at Salem harbor, MBC.

September 17 - The city of Boston, Massachusetts is founded.

September 24 - First ship of de Sauce's emigrants arrive at Southampton Hundred on the James River.

November 10-November 11 – Day of Dupes – Marie de Medicis' unsuccessful attempt to oust Richelieu.

Johann Heinrich Alsted's Encyclopaedia is published.

The first account of the Childes Tomb story is published.

Paramaribo, Suriname is first settled by the British.

Puritan pamphleteer Dr. Alexander Leighton publishes "", an attack on Anglican bishops, in London. He was sentenced by Archbishop William Laud's High Commission Court to public whipping, branding, and having his ears cut off.

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January 11 - John Rogers, American President of Harvard (died 1684)

February 19 - Shivaji, founder of the Maratha Empire (died 1680)

April 28 - Charles Cotton, English poet (died 1687)

May 29 - King Charles II of England Scotland, and Ireland (died 1685)

August 1 - Thomas Clifford, 1st Baron Clifford of Chudleigh, English statesman (died 1673)

October 14 - Sophia of Hanover, heir to the throne of Great Britain (died 1714)

October - John Tillotson, Archbishop of Canterbury (died 1694)

November 24 - Etienne Baluze, French scholar (died 1718)

November 27 - Archduke Sigismund Francis of Austria, regent of Tyrol and Further Austria (died 1665)

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January 26 - Henry Briggs, English mathematician (born 1556)

February 12 - Fynes Moryson, English traveler and writer (born 1566)

February 26 - William Brade, English composer (born 1560)

April 29 - Agrippa d'Aubigné, French poet and soldier (born 1552)

July 16 - Charles Emmanuel I, Duke of Savoy (born 1562)

September 17 - Thomas Lake, English statesman (born 1567)

September 18 - Melchior Klesl, Austrian cardinal and statesman (born 1552)

September 20 - Claudio Saracini, Italian composer (born 1586)

September 25 - Ambrosio Spinola, marqués de los Balbases, Spanish general (born 1569)

November 15 - Johannes Kepler, German astronomer (born 1571)

November 19 - Johann Schein, German composer (born 1586)