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One thousand million (1,000,000,000) is the natural number following 999,999,999 and preceding 1,000,000,001. In English, it is usually called a billion. (A milliard can also be used to refer to 1,000,000,000, though this terminology is rarely used in the English language, but often in other languages). In many other languages, billion means a million millions or 1,000,000,000,000, instead of the English thousand million.
In scientific notation, it is written as 109. Physical quantities can be expressed using the SI prefix giga.
See Orders of magnitude (numbers) for larger numbers.
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Selected 10-digit numbers (1000000001 - 9999999999)
1234567890 - pandigital number with the digits in order
1836311903 - Fibonacci number
2971215073 - Fibonacci prime
3192727797 - Motzkin number
3323236238 - Wedderburn-Etherington number
4294836223 - Carol number
4295098367 - Kynea number
4807526976 - Fibonacci number
7778742049 - Fibonacci number
7862958391 - Wedderburn-Etherington number
9043402501 - Motzkin number
9814072356 - largest square pandigital number, largest pandigital pure power
9876543210 - largest pandigital number without redundant digits
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Sense of scale
The facts below give a sense of how large one billion (one thousand million, 109) is in the context of passage of time.
About a billion minutes ago, the Roman Empire was flourishing. (One billion minutes is roughly 1,900 years.)
About a billion days ago, Australopithecus, an ape-like creature related to an ancestor of modern humans, roamed the African savannas. (One billion days is roughly 2.7 million years.)
About a billion months ago, dinosaurs walked the earth during the late Cretaceous. (One billion months is roughly 82 million years.)
In terms of distance:
A billion inches is 15,783 miles, more than halfway around the world and sufficient to reach any point on the globe from any other point.
A billion meters is almost three times the distance from the Earth to the Moon.
A billion kilometers is over six times the distance from the Earth to the Sun.
In terms of count:
A is a cube; B consists of 1000 cubes of type A. C consists of 1000 Bs; and D 1000 Cs. Thus there are 1 million As in C; and 1 billion As in D. Likewise, there are a billion cubic millimeters in a cubic meter.
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